废干电池无害化处理及综合利用产业化研究

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1、北京科技大学硕士学位研究生毕业论文摘要废干电池弃之于自然界不仅是一种废物，而且是一种严重的污染源;回收利用则是一种宝贵的二次资源。本文对我国自行开发的物理分选一化学提纯工艺应用于废旧干电池无害化处理的可行性进行了论证。基于废千电池的结构和组成特点，该工艺采用物理分选一化学提纯的工艺路线。采用切碎一磨洗一筛分的物理分选方法，将废干电池分离成锌皮、铁壳、铜针、Zn-MnO:中间产品等。根据实验室及工业化的试验结果，本文对河北省易县废旧电池处理厂进行了初步设计，设计年处理量3000吨，对主要生产设备进行了选择计算，鉴于废旧干电池处理过程的特点，设计了如电池切碎机、

2、双电解电解槽等设备。根据设备和工艺特点，进行了设备配置和厂房布置。对废旧电池生产过程的环境控制进行了评价，汞是废旧电池处理过程中的主要污染物质，对环境的污染比较严重。设计了硫化一浮选一置换的含汞废水处理系统，并对含汞渣进行了妥善的处置。对处理厂的投资进行了概算，废旧电池处理厂总投资为780万元。项目静态经济评价结果为，利润率18%-19%，静态投资收益率13%^-14%.投咨回收期6“年关键词:废干电池无害化资源化工厂设计北京科技大学硕士学位研究生毕业论文Theindustrializationresearchofwastedrybatteryontheba

3、sisofinnocuityandintegratedutilizesAbstractWhenwastedrybateriesarediscardedintothenature,theyarenotonlyakindofwastebutalsoasourceofpollution.However,theycanturnintovaluableresourceswhenreclaimed.Thereclamationtechnologyofwastedrybaterieshasbeenresearchingintheworld.Someefectivetech

4、nologyhasbeenutilized.Thefeasibilityofthetechnologyofphysicalseparation-chemicalpurificationisdemonstrated.Accordingtothestructureandcompositionofwastedrybateries,thetechnologyofphysicalseparation-chemicalpurificationispresented.Wastedrybatteriesareseparatedintozinc-hull,iron-peel,

5、copper-pinandbaterydregsthroughtheflowsheetofcrashing-grinding-washingphysicalseparation.Onthebasisofthelabandindustrializationexperimentresults，theplantwasdesignedwhichcandealwith3000tonayearintheYCounty,HebeiProvince.Andprimaryequipmentswerechosed.Inviewofthecharacteristicofwaste

6、drybateries,someespecialequipmentsweredesigned,suchasthecrushmachineandthedoubleelectrodeelectrolysistrough.Accordingtothecharacteristicoftheequipmentsandthetechnology,theworkshopandtheequipmentcollocationwerealsodesigned.Theenvironmentestimatehasalsobeendonebecausemercurycauseseri

7、ouspollutionwhichismaincontaminationinthereclamationofwastebateries.Thetechnologyofsulfuration-floatation-metathesiswasdesignedtodisposethewasterwater.Themercurysedimentswasalsodisposedwell.Thestaticstateeconomyestimateoftheprojectwasalsodone.Thetotalinvestmentis7800000RM$.Theprofi

8、tmarginis18^19%,theyield13