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1、第26卷第12期环境科学学报Vol.26,No.122006年12月ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeDec.,2006刘汉桥,蔡九菊,齐鹏飞,等.2006.两种医疗垃圾焚烧炉的灰渣特性研究[J].环境科学学报,26(12):2026-2032LiuHQ,CaiJJ,QingPF,etal.2006.Studyoncharacteristicsofashandslagfromtwokindsofhospitalwasteincinerations[J].ActaScientiaeC
2、ircumstantiae,26(12):2026-2032两种医疗垃圾焚烧炉的灰渣特性研究3刘汉桥,蔡九菊,齐鹏飞,田冬青东北大学国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室,沈阳110004收稿日期:2006205217修回日期:2006210220录用日期:2006210226摘要:为评价医疗垃圾焚烧灰渣对环境的危害性及寻找安全有效的处理方法,利用X2射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、原子吸收光谱仪等仪器分别对回转窑式、固定床式医疗垃圾焚烧炉的布袋飞灰及底渣进行化学成分、物相、微观形貌、重金属含量及渗沥
3、行为等特性分析.结果发现,回转窑式和固定床式布袋飞灰热灼减率分别为31.2%、34.6%,两者Cl、SO3和碱金属含量均较高,主要物相为CaSO4和NaCl,且Cd、Zn、Pb等重金属渗沥浓度均超过危险废物填埋允许限值,其渗沥行为可能与布袋飞灰的不规则多孔海绵状微观形貌有一定关系;2种底渣主要由复杂硅酸盐构成,其渗沥浓度低于危险废物规定的阈值.因此,2种布袋飞灰经预处理后方能进入危废填埋场填埋,2种底渣可按一般工业固废直接填埋.关键词:医疗垃圾;灰;渣;重金属;渗沥文章编号:025322468(200
4、6)1222026207中图分类号:X799.5文献标识码:AStudyoncharacteristicsofashandslagfromtwokindsofhospitalwasteincinerations3LIUHanqiao,CAIJiuju,QINPengfei,TIANDongqingSEPAKeyLaboratoryonEco2industry,NortheasternUniversity,Shenyang110004Received17May2006;receivedinrevised
5、form20October2006;accepted26October2006Abstract:Inordertoevaluatetheenvironmentalhazardsofhospitalwasteincineratorashandslagandprobesafetyandeffectivewayofprocessing,thecharacteristicssuchasthechemicalcomposition,mineralogy,morphology,metalcontentsandle
6、achingbehaviorofheavymetaletchavebeenrespectivelyanalyzedonthebagflyashandbottomslagingyrationkilnandfixedbedbyusingXRF,XRD,SEMandAAS.Resultsshowthelossonignitionofthebagflyashingyrationkilnandfixedbedisrespectively31.2%and34.6%,andtheyhavehighcontentso
7、fchloride,sulphate,alkilametalwhichthemajorcrystallinephasesisCaSO4andNaCl.Moreover,TheleachingconcentratioofCd,ZnandPbinbagflyashexeedsthelandfillallowablethresholdsofthehazardouswaste,theleachingbehaviorsofheavymetalsarepossiblyrealtedtotheirregularsp
8、onge2likeporousparticleswithsmallerspheres.Besides,thebottomslagmainlyconsistesofsilicateswithlowleachability,soitmaybeclassfiedasnon2hazardouswastes.Keywords:hospitalwaste;ash;slag;heavymetal;leachability关注的焦点.1引言(Introduction)目
