动词不定式的时态和语态的变化

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1、动词不定式的时态和语态的变化：语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时todotobedone完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone进行时tobedoingno完成进行时tohavebeendoingno1.不定式的否定式动词不定式的否定是在to前面加not，（有时也用never表示强调）e.g.Shedecidednottobelateagain.Hepromisednevertomakesuchastupidmistake.Iregrettednottohavestartedearlier.2.不定式在句中的作

2、用动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作状语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语和主语等成份。Ａ．作主语Toliveistowork.Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.不定式作主语时，表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。有时为了保持句子的平衡，用it作形式主语。[例]_______isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold．A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk[例]Infact________isahardjobfort

3、hepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it[例]Itisnotunusualforworkersinthatregion____________________.A.tobepaidmorethanamonthlaterB.tobepaidlaterthanmoreamonthC.topaylaterthanamonthmoreD.topaylatermorethanamonthB.作表语Hisjobistoteac

4、hEnglish不定式作表语：[例]Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,________itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake[例]Thetwopresidentsagreewitheachotheronthewhole,butmuchremains_______atthefollowingmeeting.A.discussingB.discussedC.todiscussD.tobedi

5、scussedC.作宾语IlearntospeakJapanese.Theydecidedtobegintheexperimentatonce.Iwishtobeacollegestudent.不定式作宾语，通常用于want,hope,wish,like,need,hate,begin,start,remember,agree,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help等词后。[例]Weagree________herebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.A.havingm

6、etB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet[例]Mr.Johnsonpreferred_____________heavierworktodo.A.tobegivenB.tobegivingC.tohavegivenD.havinggiven[例]Thepartywassuccessful,butwethoughtitapitynot___________you.A.inviteB.toinviteC.invitingD.tohaveinvited注意：一些系动词，如appear,come,fa

7、il,get,happen,prove,seem,turnout等后面接不定式。[例]Having a trip abroad is certainly good forthe old couple, but it remains _________whether they will enjoy it. A. to see     B. to be seenC. seeing    D. seenD.作宾语补足语在主动语态中作宾语补足语Ilikeyoutodoitthisway.PleaseaskJohntoturn

8、onthelight.b.在被动语态的句子中成为主语补足语Weareadvisedtowait.Theyareallowedtotalkintheclassroomafterclass.E.作定语a.动词不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面：Hesaidhehadanimportantmeetingtoat