货代英语测试

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一、中译英英译中（英文缩写请先写出英文全称）IGO非政府间国际组织国际海事组织货物积载因数IMDGCodeLCLCFS托运单关单提货单场站收据设备交接单仓至仓提单收货待运提单记名提单联运提单AdvancedB/LAnti-datedB/LStaleB/LHagueRulesSTCsaidtocontain程租航次期租包运租船FILIFO燃油附加费货币附加费FAK MAWBtheaircargotariff陆桥运输多式联运经营人单独海损固有缺陷推定全损海关手续portclearance   避难港停靠港交单运价竟争Privateinternationalorganization货物收据RemittanceRustrisksSafetyequipmentSafetyradiotelegraphySalvagechargesscheduledservice火车车厢运输船settlementofclaimsshippingbill班轮公会保险标的供求SweatandheatingrisksTaintofodorrisksTakeoverthegoods tally偷窃提货不着险UniformGeneralCharter最大诚信VolcaniceruptionFlatrateForeignexchangetrading散装容积合并运输hirepurchasecontractHookdamagerisks进口载货清单内河运输Insufficientpacking保险利益承保范围保险费洲际间的混杂、沾污险多式联运营运人进口许可证Liabilityinsurance责任范围限制LinerfreightrateLongformbilloflading长途运输货物舱单海上货物保险最低运价自然灾害 Non-conferencelines不可流通的单证NYPEform土产格式已装船提单指示提单正本提单patternofinternationaltradePICCOceanMarineCargoClauses保险单Portauthorities二、翻译课文段落1.StudytheprovisionsoftheletterofcreditandallGovernmentregulationsapplicabletotheshipmentofgoodsinthecountryofexport,thecountryofimport,aswellasanytransitcountry;hewouldalsoprepareallthenecessarydocuments.2.FCAmeansthatthesellerdeliversthegoods,clearedforexport,tothecarriernominatedbythebuyeratthenamedplace.Ifthebuyernominatesapersonotherthanacarriertoreceivethegoods,thesellerisdeemedtohavefulfilledhisobligationtodeliverthegoodswhentheyaredeliveredtothatperson.3.Thewords“to,until,till,from,between”andwordsofsimilarexpressionsapplyingtoanydateorperiodinthecreditreferringtoshipmentwillbeunderstoodtoincludethedatementioned. 4.Thepremiumistheconsiderationwhichtheinsurersreceivefromtheassuredinexchangefortheirundertakingtopaythesuminsuredintheeventinsuredagainst.5.WAprovideslargercoverthanFPAsincepartiallossanddamageisrecoverablefromtheinsurerresultingfromnaturalcalamities.ThatistheonlydifferencebetweenWAandFPAinPICCOceanMarineCargoClauses.6.InstituteCargoClauseCisthemostrestrictedcoverageandsubjecttothelistedexclusions,coverslossordamagetothesubjectmatterinsuredcausedbyfireorexplosions;stranding,grounding,sinkingorcapsizing;overturningorderailmentoflandconveyance;collisionorcontactofvessel,craftorconveyancewith anyexternalobjectotherthanwater;dischargeofcargoatportofdistress;generalaveragesacrifice7.AnNVOCCisacarrierwhooperatesaregularscheduledservice.Hedoesnotownoroperatethevesselsbywhichseatransportationisprovided.AlthoughtheNVOCCisacarrierinhisrelationshipwiththeactualshipper,heisashipperinhisrelationshipwiththeactualcarrier.Herendersausefulservicebyprovidinggroupageorconsolidationservices,particularlytosmallshipperwhodonothavemuchbargainingpowerinnegotiatingrates 8.Underatimecharterthecrewisemployedbytheshipowner,whoisalsoresponsibleforthenauticaloperationandmaintenanceofthevesselandsupervisionofthecargo.Thechartererisliableforcostsdirectlyconnectedwiththeuseofthevessel,forexample,bunkercostsandportchargesandpaysfortheloadinganddischarging.9.Orderbillsareissuedbythecarrierstotheorderofshipperorconsignee.Anorderbillofladingisanegotiabledocument.Orderbillsmadeouttoconsigneeorordercanbetransferredbythembyendorsement.10.Linerfreightratesarefixedbyshippingconferencesandotherlineroperators;theyarerelatedmoretothecostsofoperationandwhichremaincomparativelysteadyoveraperiodoftime11.However,thevesselcanstartunloadinggoodsonlyafterthecustomsauthoritiesgrantthenecessarypermit,called“EntryInwards”,tothevesselonsubmissionbythemasteroragentofthevesselofan“ImportManifest”containingparticularsofthecargoonboardintheprescribedform.12.ApplicationforportclearancehastobemadebeforetheintendeddepartureofthevesselandhastobeaccompaniedbytheExportManifestshowingparticularsofthecargoloadedandsuchotherdocumentsasmayberequiredbythecustomsauthorities. 13.Consolidationorgroupagemeanstheassemblyofsmallparcelsofcargofromseveralconsignorsatonepointoforiginintendedforseveralconsigneesatanotherpointofdestination,dispatchingtheparcelsasoneconsolidatedconsignmenttotheconsolidator'sagentatthedestinationanddeliveringthemtotheirrespectiveconsignees.14.Thebillofladingbyitselfisnotacontractofcarriageasitsignedonlybythecarrier.However,itprovidesevidenceofcontractofcarriage.Itservesasareceiptforgoodsdeliveredtothecarrier.Besides,thebillofladingservesasadocumentoftitleenablingthegoodstobetransferredfromtheshippertotheconsigneeoranyotherpartybyendorsement.15.TheCMRconventionistheconventiononcontractforinternationalcarriageofgoodsbyroadwhichwasadoptedin1956andwhichgenerallygovernsinternationaltransportofgoodsbyroad.TheCMRconventionhasbeenratifiedonlybycountriesinEuropeandroadtransportinthecountriesoutsideEuropeistoagreatextentgovernedbynationallawsandordinanceswhichvaryfromcountrytocountry.