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1、中国农学通报2011,27(32):47-55ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin4种淡水经济鱼类消化系统的组织学比较许宝红,王亚楠,肖调义,钟蕾,文祝友,刘巧林,胡毅(湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128)摘要:鱼类消化系统的组织结构特点与食性密切相关,为了给开发不同食性淡水鱼的饲料做基础研究,以黄尾密鲴(XenocyprisdavidiBleeker)、白鲢(Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix)、翘嘴红鲌(ErythroculterilishaeformisBleeker)、黄鳝(Monopterusalbus)为研究对象,
2、采用H.E染色法比较研究了其消化系统的组织结构特点。从比肠长、杯状细胞密度、黏膜肌层总厚度、黏膜皱褶数量和高度、肝胰脏结构等方面比较了其组织结构特征,探讨了组织结构特点与食性、环境的适应性之间的相关性。结果表明,黄尾密鲴和白鲢的比肠长在4种鱼类中最大,在设计黄尾密鲴和白鲢的饲料配方时应注重粗纤维的含量以增强适口性;消化道组织学结果表明,白鲢、翘嘴红鲌和黄鳝3种鱼的口咽腔上皮细胞中都不同程度发排列有杯状细胞,而黄尾密鲴则无,但黄尾密鲴的口咽腔的最厚,白鲢的鰓耙最发达,食道的输送食物的能力和肠的消化吸收能力由黄尾密鲴、白鲢、翘嘴红鲌、黄鳝依次减弱,消化腺的进化是伴随物种进化而进行的有一些进化
3、和演化方面的特征,是按照黄尾密鲴、白鲢、翘嘴红鲌到黄鳝的方向进化。这些组织学特征都是适应鱼类食性与环境的结果,在设计饲料配方时需考虑鱼类的食性特点与生活环境。关键词:黄尾密鲴;翘嘴红鲌;白鲢;黄鳝;消化系统中文分类号:S917.4文献标识码:B论文编号:2011-2320TheComparativeHistologyStudiesonDigestiveSystemofFourSpeciesofEconomicFreshwaterFishesXuBaohong,WangYa'nan,XiaoTiaoyi,ZhongLei,WenZhuyou,LiuQiaolin,HuYi(Collegeo
4、fAnimalScienceandTechnology,HunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha410128)Abstract:Organizationstructurecharacteristicsofdigestivesystemandfeedingarecloselyrelated,forbasicresearchindifferentappetitesfreshwaterfishfeed,fourfreshwaterfishes,likeXenocyprisdavidiBleeker,Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix,Eryth
5、roculterilishaeformisBleekerandMonopterusalbus,werestudied.ThehistologyofthedigestivesysteminthefourspeciesfisheswerestudiedbyopticalmicroscopesandH.Edyeability.Theorganizationalstructurecharacteristicshadbeencompared,includingratioofintestinegutlengthtobodylength,densityofgobletcell,mucosalmuscu
6、larisaggregatethickness,mucosalrufflequantityandlength,liverandpancreas,andsoon.Inthisstudy,therelationshipamongthefeeding,environment,evolutionandthemorphologicalcharacteristicsofdigestivesystemhistologywiththefourspecieswerediscussed.Theresultsshowedthatratioofintestinegutlengthtobodylengthwast
7、helongestinXenocyprisdavidiBleekerandHypophthalmichthysmolitrix.GobletcellsweredistributedinbuccopharyngealcavityepithelialcellsofErythroculterilishaeformisBleeker,HypophthalmichthysmolitrixandMonopterusalbus,butnotinb