河南大学老师的课件霍桑

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1、NathanielHawthorne(1804-1864)（纳撒尼尔·霍桑）TheScarletLetter（《红字》）PortraitofHawthorneCoverofTheScarletLetterI.Life1.Birthplace:Salem,Massachusetts2.Familybackground:afamilywithalongPuritantradition;fatherdiedwhenhewasonly4yearsold;motherreliedonrelativesinrearingherfourchildren3.Education:readingextensiv

2、elybyhismid-teensandaspiredtobeawriter;from1821-1825,hestudiedatBowdoincollegeinMaine.Puritanism清教主义PuritanscamefromtheEstablishedChurchofEnglandinthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies.TheyweresocalledbecausetheywishedtopurifytheformsandritualsoftheChurch.ThoughitwaspilgrimsthatfirstcametoNewEngland,

3、yetPuritanismsoonbecamethedominantfaithwithitsrathergloomyoutlookonlife.ThePuritansheldthatmanlivedtosufferandhemusttoilmightilyforthegloryofGod.Theirdoctrinewaswidelyknownforitsextremelyrigidandstrictmorality.II.LiteraryCareer1837-1842:Twice-ToldTales《故事新编》1846:MossesfromanOldManse《古屋青苔》1850:TheSc

4、arletLetter《红字》1851:TheHouseoftheSevenGables《带七个尖角阁的房子》1852:TheBlithedaleRomance《福谷传奇》III.Style1.Hawthornewroteromancewhichwastopresentthetruthofthehumanheartbythewriter’sownchoice.2.Psychologicaltruthwasmoreimportantthanactualtruth.3.Heusedsymbolsandsettingtorevealthepsychologyofthecharacters.4.Hi

5、slanguageissoft,flowing,andalmostfeminine.IV.SignificanceHawthorneissignificant1)asaromanticwriterbecauseheusedtheNewEnglandregionalpastassubjectandsettingforhisstoriesandheshowedgreatconcernabouttheAmericanpast.2)forhisthemes:theconsequencesofpride,selfishness,andsecretguilt;theconflictbetweenligh

6、theartedandsomberattitudestowardlife;theimpingementofpast(especiallythePuritanpast)uponthepresent;thefutilityofcomprehensivesocialreforms;theimpossibilityoferadicatingsinfromthehumanheart;alienationandsolitude;natureandnaturalimpulses;andunconsciousfantasyanddream.3)forhisstyleV.TheScarletLetterPlo

7、tThestorytakesplaceinPuritanBostonduringthemid-17thcentury.YoungHesterPrynne,a“fallenwoman,”issentencedtowearascarletletterA,signifying“adultery,”becauseshehasaloverwhenheragedhusbandisnotwithher.Consequent