热动专业英语

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1、1.TheSteamTurbine汽轮机Howdoesasteamturbinework?Whenawindmillblownwithawindnozzle，itwillbegintoturn。Onthesameprinciple，whenhigh-temperaturesteampassesthroughthenozzlesandejectstothebladesfittedaroundthewheel，thewheelturnsandthustheheatenergyinsteamisconvertedintorotor’

2、srotatingmechanicalenergy.Theamountofelectricityconsumedoutsidechangesfrequently。Theamountofthesteamadmittedintoturbinethatdrivesthegeneratormustalsochangerelevantlysothattheratorspeediskeptunchanged.Iftheamountofthesteamentryiskeptunchanged,thehighertheoutsideload，

3、thelowerwillbetheturbinespeed;thelowertheoutsideload，thehigherwillbetheturbinespeed.Therefore,theturbinemusthaveagovernorgear.Thefuctionofagovernorgearistoregulatetheamountofsteamentrytokeeptheturbinespeedsteadyinresponsetochangeoftheoutsideload.Thefollowingisthatth

4、esimplestflyingballtypedirectgovernortakenasanexampletoexplainitsworkingprocess.Whentheturbinespeedincreases,theflyingballswillturnfasterbymeansofthegoverninggearandtheyflyaparttobothsidesduetotheactionofthecentrifugalforce.Thentheslideringismadetomoveupward,withthe

5、leftendofthelinkmechanismmovedupwardandtherighrendofitmoveddownward,andtheopeningofthegoverningvalveisreducedtoalessextent.Thustheamountofsteamentrydecreasesandtheturbinespeedislowered.Whenthespeeddecreases,thecentrifugalforceexertedontotheflyingballsinthegovernorde

6、creasesandthethespringpullestheflyingballsnearerwitheachotherandtheslideringmovesdownward,withtheleftendofthelinkmechanismmoveddownwardandtherightendofitmovedupwardandtheopeningofthegoverningvalvebecomeslarger.Thustheamountofthesteamentryincreasesandtheturbinespeedb

7、ecomesfaster.Inthisway,theturbinespeedisfundamentallykeptsteady.Theamountofexhauststeamofa300,000kWcondensingturbineisnearly1,000tonsperhour.Vastamountofexhauststeamisconsensedintowaterbythecoolingwaterinthecondenser.Thetemperatureofthecoolingwaterisraisedfromafewde

8、greestomorethantendegrees.Thedrainingofcoolingwaterwastesalotofheatenergy.Thismakestheheateconomicalbenefitofthepowerplantlowergreatly.Ift