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ID:37304018
大小:293.88 KB
页数:14页
时间:2019-05-21
《雅思2012年最新官方学术类阅读模拟试题》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、CandidateNumberCandidateName______________________________________________INTERNATIONALENGLISHLANGUAGETESTINGSYSTEMAcademicReadingPRACTICETEST1hourTime1hourINSTRUCTIONSTOCANDIDATESDonotopenthisquestionpaperuntilyouaretoldtodoso.Writeyournameandcandid
2、atenumberinthespacesatthetopofthispage.Readtheinstructionsforeachpartofthepapercarefully.Answerallthequestions.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.Useapencil.Youmustcompletetheanswersheetwithinthetimelimit.Attheendofthetest,handinboththisquestionpaperan
3、dyouranswersheet.INFORMATIONFORCANDIDATESThereare40questionsonthisquestionpaper.Eachquestioncarriesonemark.1READINGPASSAGE1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1–13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.MAKINGTIMEFORSCIENCEChronobiologymightsoundalit
4、tlefuturistic–likesomethingfromasciencefictionnovel,perhaps–butit’sactuallyafieldofstudythatconcernsoneoftheoldestprocesseslifeonthisplanethaseverknown:short-termrhythmsoftimeandtheireffectonfloraandfauna.Thiscantakemanyforms.Marinelife,forexample,is
5、influencedbytidalpatterns.Animalstendtobeactiveorinactivedependingonthepositionofthesunormoon.Numerouscreatures,humansincluded,arelargelydiurnal–thatis,theyliketocomeoutduringthehoursofsunlight.Nocturnalanimals,suchasbatsandpossums,prefertoforagebyni
6、ght.Athirdgroupareknownascrepuscular:theythriveinthelow-lightofdawnandduskandremaininactiveatotherhours.Whenitcomestohumans,chronobiologistsareinterestedinwhatisknownasthecircadianrhythm.Thisisthecompletecycleourbodiesarenaturallygearedtoundergowithi
7、nthepassageofatwenty-fourhourday.Asidefromsleepingatnightandwakingduringtheday,eachcycleinvolvesmanyotherfactorssuchaschangesinbloodpressureandbodytemperature.Noteveryonehasanidenticalcircadianrhythm.‘Nightpeople’,forexample,oftendescribehowtheyfindi
8、tveryhardtooperateduringthemorning,butbecomealertandfocusedbyevening.Thisisabenignvariationwithincircadianrhythmsknownasachronotype.Scientistshavelimitedabilitiestocreatedurablemodificationsofchronobiologicaldemands.Recenttherapeuticdevelopmentsforhu
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