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时间:2019-05-21
《江苏省镇江市丹徒区2017届中考英语复习定语从句试题无答案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、定语从句一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。其中被修饰的名称或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词引出。如:1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)关系副词where,when,why。关系词常有三个作用:1.引导定语从句2.代替先行
2、词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句★1.who指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可省略。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.(3)Theman(who/whom)youmetjustnowismyfriend.★2.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)
3、(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)★3.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(2)Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)△4.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)yo
4、utalkedabout.△5.whose通常指人的,也可指物的,在定语从句中做定语。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhosewallswerepaintedblue.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.注:that用法1只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况(1
5、)在不定代词,如:anything,nothing,theone,all等作先行词时,只用that。(2)先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修饰时,只用that。(3)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。.(4)先行词既有人,又有物时,只用that。(5)主句的主语是疑问词who/which时,只用that。Whothatbreaksthewindowshouldbepunished.谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题
6、。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。2不用that的情况(a)介词后不能用that。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.比较:Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.△三、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词:在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)when=
7、during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)1.where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.3.wh
8、y指原因在定语从句中做原因状语(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(
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