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1、石油学报(石油加工)2009年12月ACTAPETROLEISINICA(PETROLEUMPROCESSINGSECTION)第25卷第6期文章编号:1001-8719(2009)06-0819-07取代基对硫代磷酰胺酯摩擦磨损的影响韦淡平,宋海清,兰晓艳(中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083)摘要:采用四球机和SRV试验机研究了3类不同结构的硫代磷酰胺酯(TPA)的抗磨有效性,包括硫代磷酰单胺酯(TPMA)、硫代磷酰双胺酯(TPDA)和二硫代磷酰单胺酯(DPMA)。结果表明,TPA通常有较好的抗磨性和承载能力。其润滑性取决于酯基和胺基的结构、取代基的电负性和摩擦条件。在单向滑
2、动和往复运动中性能都较佳的是硫脲基上连接有强烈吸电子作用的取代基的O-乙基、N-烷基和硫脲基单硫代磷酰胺酯(EAPTUT)。某些TPA的性能优于ZDTP、MoDTP、硫代磷酸酯、膦酸次膦酸胺盐、T305和T307等商品化的抗磨剂。1个TPA分子中同时含有S、P、N基团,分子内相互牵制作用使每个功能团都不会过度活泼,摩擦过程中的腐蚀磨损和磨粒磨损很易平衡,总磨损最小。SRV试验中每次往复运动磨出新鲜金属表面仅费时百分之几秒,而活性不够的抗磨剂可能无法及时生成新表面保护膜。关键词:硫代磷酰胺酯;润滑性;取代基;Hammett常数;电负性;作用机理中图分类号:TE624.82;O623.626
3、文献标识码:AINFLUENCEOFSUBSTITUENTSONFRICTIONANDWEAROFTHIOPHOSPHORICAMIDATESWEIDan-ping,SONGHa-iqing,LANXiao-yan(ResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing,SINOPEC,Beijing100083,China)Abstract:Threetypesofthiophosphoricamides(TPA),i.e.thiophosphoricmonoamide(TPMA),thiophosphoricdiamide(TPDA),anddithiophos
4、phoricmonoamide(DPMA)hadbeentestedonaFourBallmachineandaSRVtesterfortheirrelativeantiweareffectiveness.TheresultsindicatedthatthreetypesofTPA,ingeneral,hadfairlygoodloadcarryingcapacityandantiwearperformance.Thelubricityofthesecompoundswasfoundtobedependentuponthestructureofboththeestergroupsandt
5、heaminegroups,theelectronegativityofsubstituents,aswellasrubbingconditions.ThebestperformanceinbothunidirectionalslidingandreciprocatingslidingwasobservedforthoseO-ethylN-alkylphosphoro(thioureido)thioates(EAPTUT)inwhichastrongelectron-withdrawingsubstituentwaslinkingtothethioureidogroup.Thesuper
6、iorityofsomesubstitutedEAPTUTanddialkyldithiophosphoramidates(DADTPA)tomanycommerciallyavailableantiwearadditives,includingZDDP,MoDTP,thiophosphates,aminesaltofphosphonicacidsandphosphinicacids,T305andT307,wasprobablyrelatedtotheintramolecularsynergismofsubstituents,theeffectofelectron-withdrawin
7、gsubstituentonthecleavageoftheP)Nbond,aswellasthehighsoftenpointofSPNtypepolymerfilmsformedinrubbingsurface.Functionalgroupscontainingsulphur,phosphorusandnitrogenonasingleTPAmoleculecouldcontrolthe收稿日期:2008-12-20基金项目:
