The Torque Converter as a System

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1、TheTorqueConverterasaSystemDr.-Ing.VolkerMiddelmannDipl.-Ing.UweWagnerIntroductionSinceitsintroductioninthe1940s,thetorqueconverterhasbeenutilizedasaprovencouplingelementbetweentheengineandautomatictransmission.Itsadvantagesresultfromtheprincipleofhydro

2、dynamicpowertransferfromenginetotransmission.Theavailabletorqueamplification(torqueratio)improvesaccelerationandperformance.Theever-presentand,inprinciple,necessaryslipisolatesthedrivetrainfromtheenginetorsionalvibrations,preventsTip-inreactionsandprovi

3、descomfortabletransmissionshifts.Lock-upclutcheswithdampersareusedtobypassthetorqueconverterandminimizethelossesduetoslipinthetorqueconverter.Incontrasttoautomatictransmissionswhichhavehadtheirfunctionalitycontinuouslyimproved,torqueconverterdesignandco

4、ncepthavenotbeenchangedsignificantlythroughouttheprecedingdecades.Eventheintroductionoflock-upclutchesinthe1970shardlychangedtheprinciplesoftorqueconverterconcept,layoutanddesign.Thisissurprisingbecauseofthewell-knownpotentialprovidedbythetorqueconverte

5、rsystem.Withawell-tunedlock-upcontrolstrategyandappropriatehardwarecomponents,tremendousimprovementsinperformanceandsignificantfuelsavingscanberealized.InthelastSymposiumin1994,LuKpresentedaninnovativetorqueconvertersystemcalledtheLuK-TorCon-System.This

6、systemstillusestheadvantagesofthetorqueconverterbutminimizesthedisadvantagesbyintroducingahigh-performancelock-upclutchandanaggressivelock-upcontrolstrategy.Dependingontheapplication,theLuK-TorCon-Systemprovidessignificantimprovementsinperformanceandfue

7、leconomy.Furthermore,thesystemenablesustogainthesameperformancecharacteristicsusingaconventional4-stepautomatictransmissioninsteadofamoreexpensive5-stepautomatictransmission.However,thedemandforfurtherimprovementsinperformanceandfueleconomydictatesaddit

8、ionaloptimizationsteps.Inthiscontext,theselectionandtuningofthelock-upcontrolstrategyisasimportantasthedesignandtuningofthethreehardwarecomponents:hydrodynamiccircuit,lock-upclutchand123damper.Infact,onlywiththisholisticapproachi