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1、高三英语总复习语法系列训练基本句型1.主语+系动词+表语:Aforeignlanguageisaweaponinthestruggleoflife.Theplansoundsperfect.Thismaterialfeelssoft.ThisiswhereIwork.2.主语+谓语:Thetelephonerang.Hisfathermighthavedied.Weallbreathe,drinkandeat.注:这种结构中的谓语动词是不及物动词,状语并非结构上不可缺少的成分。但在某种情况下,不加状语便不能表达完整的意思,
2、这就引出了下列句型:△主语+谓语+状语:Themeetinglastedfortwohours.Wewalkedforfivemiles.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.HelivesinGuangzhou.TheywillbeflyingtoLondon.3.主语+谓语+宾语:Sheisreadinganovel.Youmayhaveseeneachother.Heisdoingmorningexercises.Thisfactorymakesmachinetools.Maryhasorderedanewd
3、ress.Ihavehadmylunch.注:这种结构中的谓语动词是及物动词,后面只跟一个宾语,因此称单宾及物动词,一般不需状语即可表达完整的意思。但在某些情况下,状语必不可少,这就引出了下列句型:△主语+谓语+宾语+状语:Heputthevaseonthetable.Jimbroughthissuitcasesupstairs.I’lltakeMarytothestation.Theytreatedhimkindly.4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语:Shemadeherselfanewdress.Myfatherbo
4、ughtmeanovel.Passmethesalt,please.注①:这种结构中的谓语动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词,它们可以分为两类:第一类:give,show,send,bring,offer,read,pass,lend,leave,tell,hand,return,write,pay,throw,allow,wish,teach,promise,owe,refuse等。第二类:make,buy,do,fetch,get,paint,play,save,reserve,spare,order,cook,sing
5、,find等。注②:间接宾语有时可以改成一个由to或for引导的短语,这在意思上没有什么差别:I’llreturnyouthebooktomorrow.→I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.ShemadeanewdressforMary.→ShemadeMaryanewdress.注③:第一类可以改为由to引导的短语;第二类可以改为由for引导的短语。注④:间接宾语用介词词组表示的场合:a.对间接宾语加以强调时:I’veboughtitforyou,notformyself.I’llhandthi
6、slettertothesecretaryandnottothedirector.b.当直接宾语是一个人称代词时:I’llsendittoyoutomorrow.You’dbetterhanditdirectlytotheheadmaster.c.当直接宾语比间接宾语短时:Sheshowedthepicturetothestudentssittingnearher.d.当间接宾语置于句首时:Whodidyousenditto?TohimItoldthestory,nottohisbrother.e.当间接宾语和直接宾语都是
7、代词时:Hegaveittome.I’lllendthemtoyou.5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语:Wehaveprovedhimwrong.Whatmakeyouthinkso?Shefoundthechildfastasleep.Icalledhimafool.注:这种结构中的谓语动词一般只限于某些复合宾语及物动词。句子成分一、主语主语可以用下面这些东西表示:1.名词;2.代词;3.数词;4.动名词;5.不定式;6.词组或复合结构;7.从句;8.名词化的其他词类,如:Aforeignlanguageisaweapo
8、ninthestruggleoflife.Whoisspeaking,please?ThisisJackspeaking.Twowillbeenough.Livinginthatislandcountryforthreemonthswasanunforgetableexperienceforme.Ear