《合成生物学导论》PPT课件

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1、“合成生物学”与“国际遗传机器大赛（internationalGeneticallyEngineeredMachineCompetition，iGEM）”宋凯：ksong@tju.edu.cn合成生物学SyntheticBiology何时出现合成生物学这一名字？●Science杂志最早于1911年33卷有两篇文章出现“syntheticbiology”（合成生物学）一词。●Lancet杂志最早于1911年7月8日有一篇文章出现“syntheticbiology”（合成生物学）一词。●在1980年第一次以“基因外科

2、术：合成生物学的开始”为题出现在德文刊物上。●2000年以后，“合成生物学”一词在学术刊物及互联网上逐渐大量出现NatureBiotechnology,27(12),2009-12-7FocusonSyntheticBiologyThelatestiterationofgeneticengineeringofferstheprospectofthedesignandconstructionofnewlifeformsfrombiologicalparts,devicesandsystems.What'sinan

3、ame?(pp1071–1073)Defininganemergingfieldcanbechallenging,NatureBiotechnologyasked20expertsfortheirviewsontheterm'syntheticbiology'.Geneticengineeringfocusesonindividualgenes(typicallycloningandoverexpression).Thelogicalextensionofthattosystem-widechangeisgeno

4、meengineering.Intermediatebetweentheseismetabolicengineering,whichinvolvesoptimizingseveralgenesatonce.Syntheticbiologyis‘meta’toalloftheseinestablishingstandardsformodules,intentionallyinteroperableintheirassemblyandfunctioning.Hierarchicalpropertiespermitco

5、mputer-aideddesignatdifferentlevelsofabstraction,fromthesub-molecularleveltosupra-ecosystemlevels.GeorgeChurchProfessorDepartmentofGeneticsHarvardMedicalSchoolBoston,Massachusetts.Syntheticbiologyinvolvesthedevelopmentandapplicationofengineeringprinciplestoma

6、kethedesignandconstructionofcomplexsyntheticbiologicalsystemseasierandmorereliable.Itisthefocusonthedevelopmentofnewengineeringprinciplesandformalismforthesubstrateofbiologythatsetsitapartfromthemorematurefieldsuponwhichitbuilds,suchasgeneticengineering.Chris

7、tinaSmolkeAssistantProfessorDepartmentofBioengStanfordUniversityStanford,California.Metabolicengineeringisadoptingsyntheticbiology’sstrategiesofgenesynthesis,veryfinecontrolofgeneexpression,etc.,whilesyntheticbiologyistakingmetabolicengineering’sobjective-dri

8、venstrategiesofengineeringcircuitsandconsiderationofwhole-cellmetabolism.Andbotharemovingtowardsintegrationwithsystemsbiology.SangYupLeeDistinguishedProfessorandLGChemChairProfessorKoreaA