大木山自然保护区红腹锦鸡对冬季生境的选择性

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1、第39卷第11期东北林业大学学报Vo1．39No．1l2011年11月JOURNALOFNORTHEASTFORESTRYUNIVERSITYNov．2011大木山自然保护区红腹锦鸡对冬季生境的选择性)李宏群韩宗先吴少斌曹长雷岳碧松(长江师范学院，重庆，408100)(四川大学)摘要采用样线法在重庆大木山自然保护区对红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophaspictus)冬季生境的选择进行了研究，共测量42个利用样方的18个生态因子。结果表明：红腹锦鸡冬季取食地主要选在针阔混交林、针叶林、更倾向于森林边缘和开阔地、下坡位、阳坡、坡度小于20。的坡面活动。主成分分析表明，前6个特

2、征值的累积贡献率已经达到了73．76％，可以较好地反映红腹锦鸡的生境特征。根据载荷系数绝对值的大小将红腹锦鸡冬季取食地生境选择影响因子分为乔木因子(乔木盖度、乔木胸径、水源距离)、海拔因子(海拔)、逃逸因子(草本盖度和林边距离)、灌丛因子(灌木盖度、灌木均高和灌木密度)和隐蔽因子(隐蔽级)。分析结果表明，红腹锦鸡冬季取食地选择应该是较好的食物资源和最有利于逃避敌害之间的一种权衡，即捕食因子与食物因子之间权衡的结果。关键词红腹锦鸡；取食地；主成分分析；大木山分类号Q958．1WinterForaging—SiteSelectionofGoldenPheasantinDam

3、uMountainNatureReserve，China／LiHongqun，HanZongxian，WuShaobin，CaoChanglei(CollegeofScienceandTechnology，YangtzeNormalUniversity，Chongqing408100，P．R．China)；YueBisong(ColegeofLifeSciences，SiehuanUniversity)／／JournalofNortheastForestryUni—versity．-2011，39(11)．-76—78Astudyonwinterforaging—sit

4、eselectionofGoldenpheasantswasconductedinDamuMountainNatureReserve，ChongqingCity．China．fromNovember2010toJanuary2011．Atotalofforty．twoused—siteswereobservedalong8tran．sectscrossingthestudyarea，andeighteenfactorsineachsiteswereanalyzed．ResultsshowedthatGoldenpheasantsmainlyforagedinconife

5、rousandbroadleavedforestsflswelasconiferousforests，whiletheyweremoreinclinedtoforageintheopenareas，forestedges，sun—facedslope，lowerslopearea，orslopesoflessthan20degrees．Resultsofprincipalcomponentanalysisshowedthatthefirst6principaleomponentsexplained73．76％ofthetotalvarianceamongaUhabita

6、tvariables．Accordingtotheabsolutevalueofcoefficient，thesixcomponentswereclassifiedseparatelyastreefactor(treecanopy，diameteratbreastheight，distancefromwatersource)，altitudefactor(altitude)，escapingfactors(herbageCOV-erage，distancefromedgeofwoods)，shrubfactors(coverage，height，density)，and

7、shelteringfactor(shelteringclass)．ItishardfortheGoldenpheasantstoforageinwinterduetothewitheredgrassandthepoorcoverageindeciduousforests．insuchaharshcondition，thewinterforaging—siteselectionofGoldenpheasantsisactuallyatrade-ofbetweenfoodobtai—ningandpreyescaping．KeywordsG