原油管道泄漏检测与定位技术的研究

《原油管道泄漏检测与定位技术的研究》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、摘要由于不可避免的老化、腐蚀及人为破坏等原因，管道泄漏频频发生，因此管道泄漏的检测与定位已成为重要的研究课题。现有的检测方法在灵敏性、可靠性和精确性等方面存在着种种缺陷，所以很难准确地发现并定位原油管道的泄漏点。本文通过对获取的反映管道运行工况的压力音波信号进行分析，明确了管道泄漏信号的产生及其传播原理，并在时域和频域分析了原油管道压力音波信号在管道正常工况、泄漏工况和调泵工况下的信号特征。使用归一化方法对压力音波信号进行预处理，选用广义RBF神经网络对原油管道三种工况进行模式识别，选取压力音波信号的特征参数训练神经网络，并用该网络对三种工况进行模式分类。利用小波变换的方法对泄漏

2、信号进行分析和降噪，同时根据泄漏信号的特点和信号的奇异性原理，采用小波变换模极大值的方法提取泄漏信号的奇异点。仿真表明构建的广义RBF神经网络能够完全识别原油管道的正常运行工况、泄漏工况和调泵工况的压力音波信号。该方法成功的提高了泄漏信号的信噪比，并通过确定小波变换在细尺度下的局部模极大值来检测信号奇异性，提取出了泄漏信号的奇异点，较为精确地判断了泄漏点的位置。关键词：原油管道，神经网络，模式识别，小波变换，泄漏定位ResearchonDetectionandLocationofLeakageinCrudeOilPipelineLiangBin(ComputerMeasurean

3、dControlSystem)Directed：Prof．DaiYongshouAbstractTheleakagesofcrudeoilpipelinesfrequentlyhappenasaresultofnaturalagingcorrosionandoil-stolenorifice．Theresearchonpipelineleakdetectionhasbecomeanimportantsubjectinthepipelinetransportationindustryintheworld．Althoughtherehavebeenmanykindsofdetecti

4、ngmethods，therearestillsomedefectsintheexistingdetectionsystemswhichresultinlowsensitivity,reliabilityandaccuracy．Itisnecessaryanddifficulttofindandconfirmtheaccuratelocationoftheleakpointofcrudeoilpipelines．Throughanalyzingthestress—acousticsignalswhichCanreflecttheoperatingconditionsofoilpi

5、pelines，thethesisillustratedtheprinciplesofthegenerationandtransmissionofleaksignals，thenanalyzedthestress-acousticsignalsbothintimedomainandfrequencydomainwhicharehelpfultopreliminarilyunderstandthecharacteristicsofthesignalsinthecasesofnormal，leakageandregulatingpumpsoperatingconditions．The

6、nwechosethegeneralizedRBFneuralnetworktorecognizethepatternsofthethreeoperatingconditions．Weusethenormalizedmethodtopreprocessthesignals，selectedthecharacteristicparametersofsignalstowainthegeneralizedRBFneuralnetwork，thenappliedthewelltrainedneuralnetworktorecognizethepatternsofsignals．Whati

7、smore，thesignalsaredenoisedbywaveletanalysis．Baseonthecharacteristicsoftheleakagesignalsandthetheoryofsingularity,weusethewavelettransformmodulusmaximummethodtogetthesingularitypointofleaksignals．Thesimulationresultsdemonstratedthatthegeneral