科尔沁沙地杨柴沙障对小气候及植被恢复影响的研究

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1、摘要本文以巴林右旗科尔沁沙地1a、3a、5a生杨柴(Hedysarumlaeve)沙障为研究对象，对营建沙障迎风坡不同坡位主要气象因子的日变化采用平行对比观测法，定时定点观测；并对沙障网格内的植被恢复情况进行了调查和分析。结果表明：1．杨柴沙障对沙地小气候的影响主要表现为降低风速，提高气温和减小温度日较差，增加空气相对湿度。2．杨柴沙障对小气候的影响随着沙障生长年限增加而变化：第l～3(4)年随着杨柴的不断生长，杨柴沙障对小气候的调节作用逐渐加强；第5年随杨柴沙障生长衰退，对小气候的调节作用减弱。

2、3．秋季扦插的杨柴沙障即可降低风速，翌春成活后对小气候的调控作用逐渐加强，为植被恢复创造了有利的环境条件。4．对植被恢复的影响表现为植物种类明显增多，生活型、科属结构多样化，植被盖度提高，且治理时间越长，植被恢复程度越高。5．不同坡位的杨柴沙障对小气候、植被恢复的影响不同，位于迎风坡中部的沙障对沙地小气候的改善作用最明显，沙障网格内植物种类较多，植被覆盖度较大，更利于植被恢复。关键词：杨柴沙障；风速：气温；空气相对湿度；植物种类；盖度ThestudyontheinfluencesoftheHedy

3、saturnleavesandbarrierstothemicro—climateandvegetationrestoration^bstract删sarticletooktheone-year-old，three·year-oldandfive·year-oldHedysarumleavesandbarriersaSthestudyobject,adoptingtheparallelobservationatthetimingandfixedpointobservedthemainmeteoro

4、logicalfactorsofthe．differentslopepositionsinthewindwardslopewherewereestablishedsandbarriersinBalinyouqiHorqinsandyground,alsosurveyingandanalyzingthestatusofvegetationrestorationinthesandbarrier舒ds．111eresultsshowedthat：1．TheinfluencesoftheHedysarum

5、leavebarrierstothemicro·climatewerereducedthewindvelocity；elevatedtheairtemperatureandtheairrelativehumidityalsocouldreducediurnaltemperaturerange．2．111einfluencesoftheHedysarumleavesandbarrierstOthemicro·climatevariedwiththeincreasinggrowthyeas，theHe

6、dysarumleavesandbarriersgraduallystrengthenedtheregulationeffectsonthemicro-climatewiththegrowingoftheHedysarumleavesandbarriersintheonetothree(four)·old-year；andtheeffectswouldbeweakenedinthefiveyear州t11thegrowthdeclinationoftheHedysarumleavesandbarr

7、iers．3．nlecuttingHedysarumleavesandbarrierscouldreducethewindvelocityintheautumn，andtheywouldbealiveinthenextspringwhichweregraduallys仃engthenedtheregulationeffectsonthemicro—climate，SOthatcreatedthefavorableenvironmentcondition．4．TheinfluencesoftheHe

8、dysarumleavesandbarrierstothevegetationrestorationweretheplantsspeciesobviouslyhadincreased，thelifeformandfamilygenusstructureofplantshadatendencyofdiversification，alsotheextentofvegetationrestorationwerehigherwiththecontroltime．5．TheHedysarum