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1、第34卷,第7期气象Vol.34No.72008年7月METEOROLOGICALMONTHLYJuly,2008大棚小气候特征及其与大气候的关系1,222刘可群黎明锋杨文刚(1.武汉区域气候中心,430074;2.武汉农业气象试验站)提要:为了提高大棚揭闭膜气象服务的针对性,对武汉城郊冬春季棚内外气温、地温进行了逐时对比观测试验,利用相关分析及逐步回归分析方法,分3种天气类型对棚内气温、地温观测数据进行了计算分析。结果表明,在晴好天气下大棚、双层膜最高气温分别比棚外大气最高气温高20、24℃左右,夜间温度分别比棚外大气高0.8~3.5℃、3.5~6.5℃,棚内温度日较差在
2、晴好天气下高达30~35℃,气温变化剧烈,一天内可能既要防范高温热害,又要防御低温危害。白天棚内气温与大气温度、太阳高度角关系密切,夜间气温以及10cm地温与大气温度相关显著,并由此建立了棚内气温、地温统计数学模型。利用该模型可以准确地推算或预测大棚内逐时气温、地温变化,为菜农提供大棚揭闭膜气象服务。关键词:大棚温度太阳高度角揭膜模型MicroclimaticCharacteristicsunderPlasticFilmandRelationshipwithMacroclimate1,222LiuKequnLiMingfengYangWengang(1.WuhanRegio
3、nalClimateCenter,430074;2.Agro2meteorologyStationofWuhan)Abstract:Inordertoimprovethemeteorologicalserviceonusingofplasticfilmhouse,somecon2trastobservationsonhourlygroundtemperatureandairtemperaturebetweeninsideandoutsideplasticfilmhousewerefulfilledinWuhan,China.Basedontheobservation,the
4、microclimatecharacteristicunderplasticfilmwasanalyzedandsomeequationsabouttheairtemperatureandgroundtemperatureunderplasticfilmandvariousweatherconditionswereestablishedbyusingcorrelationanalysisandstepwiseregressionanalysis.Theanalyzedresultsindicatedthatthedailymaximumtemperatureunderpla
5、sticfilmordouble-layerfilmwascorrespondinglyhigherbyabout20℃or24℃thanthatoutsideinthedaylightincleardays.Theaveragedtemperatureunder基金资助:科技部农业科技成果转化项目“城郊大棚蔬菜生产气象调控技术推广应用”资助(05EFN217400416)收稿日期:2007年10月16日;修定稿日期:2008年3月5日102气象第34卷plasticfilmordouble2layerfilmwascorrespondinglyhigherby0.8~3.
6、5℃or3.5~6.5℃inthenighttime.Becausethedailyrangeoftemperaturechangecouldbeabout30~35℃incleardays,sothatahightemperaturedamageandalowtemperaturedamageshouldbebothprevented.Cor2relationanalysisshowedthattheairtemperatureunderplasticfilmwashighlyrelatedtoairtem2peratureandsolaraltitude.Theairt
7、emperatureatnightandthegroundtemperatureof0~10cmsoillayerwerealsohighlyrelatedtoairtemperature.Asaresult,someequationsabouttheairtemperatureandthegroundtemperatureunderplasticfilmwereestablished,whichcanbeusedtoderiveandpredictthehourlyairtemperatureandgroundt