丰田混合动力协同驱动案例研究

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1、Casestudy:ToyotaHybridSynergyDriveIntroductionHybridSynergyDrive,(HSD)isasetofhybridcartechnologiesdevelopedbyToyota.HSDtechnol-ogyisusedinthePrius,HighlanderHybridsport-utilityvehicle(SUV),CamryHybrid,LexusRX400h,LexusGS450h,andLexusLS600h/LS600hLautomobiles.Itcombinesanelectricdriveandacontinuo

2、uslyvariabletransmission.ToyotadescribesHSD-equippedvehiclesashavingE-CVT(Electronically-controlledContinuouslyVariableTransmission).WecanclassifytheHSD-equippedvehiclesas―combinedHEV‖.TheSynergyDriveisadrive-by-wiresystemwithnodirectmechanicalconnectionbetweentheen-gineandtheenginecontrols:botht

3、hegaspedalandthegearshiftleverinanHSDcarmerelysendelectricalsignalstoacontrolcomputer.HSDisarefinementoftheoriginalToyotaHybridSystem(THS)usedinthe1997–2003ToyotaPrius.AssuchitisoccasionallyreferredtoasTHSII.ThenamewaschangedinanticipationofitsuseinvehiclesoutsidetheToyotabrand(e.g.Lexus;theHSD-d

4、erivedsystemsusedinLexusvehiclesweretermedLexusHybridDrivesince2006).TheLexusHybridDrivesystemhassincebeentoutedforitsincreaseinvehiclepoweraswellasenviron-mentalandefficiencybenefits.1.TheoryofoperationHSDreplacesanormalgearedtransmissionwithanelectromechanicalsystem.Allcarpowertrainsdriveadrive

5、shaftthatturnsthedrivewheelsofthecar.Becauseaninternalcombustionenginedeliv-ersenergybestonlyoverasmallrangeoftorqueandspeed,thecrankshaftoftheengineisusuallyattachedtoaswitchablegeartrainthatmatchestheneededtorqueatthewheelstothetorquethatcanbedeliveredbytheengine.HSDreplacesthegearbox,alternato

6、randstartermotorwithapairofelectricalmotor-generators(MG),acomputerizedshuntsystemtocontrolthem,amechanicalpowersplitterthatactsasaseconddifferential,andabatterypackthatservesasanenergyreservoir.EachMotor-Generator(MG)canconvertelectricitytomotion(mechanicalpower)orvice-versa.1Themechanicalconnec

7、tionsofthesystemallowthecomputertoconvertmechanicalpowerfromtheenginebetweenthreeforms:extratorqueatthewheels(underconstantrotationspeed),extrarotationspeedatthewheels(underconstanttorque),andelectricity.Thisachievesth