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1、论文部分(一)食管鳞癌的早期ig-断中文摘要食管癌是消化道肿瘤中预后最差的一种,其5年生存率不足10%,而早期食管癌5年生存率可达86%^-100%.所以早期发现、早期诊断和早期治疗是降低食管癌死亡率的关键问题。近年来色素内镜较广泛地应用于诊断消化道早癌和浅表癌,碘液染色是诊断食管早癌最常用的方法,在日本该方法受到高度重视,但在国内一直未能在临床普及。目的:对比碘染前后食管早癌和不典型增生的检出率,进一步阐明碘染的意义,以提高对该方法的重视。材料和方法:对388名行内镜检查的食管高危人群进行2%卢戈氏碘液染色,在直
2、径大于0.5cm的不染区或淡染区内取活检,与未行碘染的346名行内镜检查者对比,明确轻、中、重度不典型增生和早癌的检出率。结果:轻度、中度和重度不典型增匀早癌的检出率在碘染组分别为7.5%,2.6%和3.4%,在非碘染组分别为3.5%,2.3%和。6%,两组有显著性差异(P--0.004).碘染对诊断重度不典型增生的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为84.6%,92.5%,92%,40.7%和99.0%.结论:内镜下碘染色能提高食管早癌和不典型增生的检出率,是诊断食管早癌和不典型增生的安全、简便和
3、有效的方法。关键词:食管鳞癌不典型增生碘染色EarlyDiagnosisofEsophagealSquamousCellCarcinomaAbstractEsophagealsquamouscellcarcinoma(ESCC)isoneofthemostcommonfatalcancersofalimentarytract.The5-yearsurvivalrateforESCCislessthan10%,whilethe5-yearsurvivalrateforearlyESCCmaybeupto86%一100
4、%.Therefore,earlydetection,earlydiagnosisandearlytreatmentarethecruxesinreducingthemortalityofESCC.Chromoendoscopyhasbeenusedindiagnosisofearlycarcinomasofalimentarytractforalongtime.Lugol'sstain,whichispaidmoreatentiontoinJapan,isthemostcommonmethodindetectin
5、gearlyESCC.However,ithasnotbeenusedwidelyinChina.Aim:ToinvestigatethediferenceofdetectionrateofdysplasiaandearlyESCCbeforeandafterusingLugol'schromoendoscopy.MeteriahandMethods:Threehundredandeightyeightpatientswhoreceiveroutinegastroscopeexaminationandhadhigh
6、riskofESCCwereexaminedbytheiodinedyeingontheiresophagealmucosawith2.5%Lugol'ssolution.Fromeverymorethan0.5cmindiameterunstainedorfight-stainedarea,multiplebiopsiesweretakenforpathologicexamination.ThreehundredandfortysixpatientswhowerenotstainedbyLugol'ssoluti
7、onwerereceivedascontrols.Result:WiththeLugol'sstainingmethod,thedetectionrateoflight,moderateandhighgradedysplasia/earlyESCCwas7.5%(29/388),2.6%(10/388)and3.4%(13/388)respectively.Whileinthenon-stainedcases,thedetectionratewas3.5%(11/346),2.3%(8/346)and0.6%(2/
8、346),respectively.Therewassignificantdiferencebetweentwogroups(P=0.004).Lugol'schromoendoscopyshowedasensitivityof84.6%,aspecificityof92.5%,aaccuracyof92.0%,apositivepredictivevalu