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1、第5卷第1期环境工程学报Vol.5,No.12011年1月ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringJan.2011北京城市水系水环境模拟及情景分析1,21*1张宝刘静玲杨志峰(1.北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875;2.中国环境监测总站,北京100012)摘要城市水系是流域水环境管理中最为脆弱的控制点。针对城市水系水动力条件差、有机污染和富营养化严重的问题,应用QUAL2K模型模拟、预测城市水系水环境的时空变化,并在此基础上探讨北环水系水环境管理和污染防治的合理有效方案。结果显示,
2、经过多次调整后的模型模拟的匹配度达到了0.9135,水温、溶解氧、COD、TN、TP和Chla等水质指标模拟相对误差都在20%以内,证明模型的模拟精度较高,能够应用于北环水系水环境的模拟、预测。源头水量增倍、削减沿途点、面源等水环境改善措施情景下,北环水系各断面水环境指标都有不同程度的改善,不同措施对其水环境的改善效果从高到低顺序为削减点、面源>加倍源头水量>削减点源,说明面源污染是北环水系主要的污染负荷,并反映出北环水系水环境改善需要水质、水量联合治理。关键词城市水系QUAL2K模型预测污染控制北环水系中图分类号X522文献标识码A文
3、章编号16739108(2011)01001607WaterqualitypredictionandcasestudyforurbanriversystemofBeijing1,211ZhangBaoLiuJinglingYangZhifeng(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China;2.ChinaNationalEnvironmentalMonitoringCen
4、ter,Beijing100012,China)AbstractUrbanriversystemisthemostvulnerablepointofwaterenvironmentmanagementforriverbasin.Inviewofproblemsofbadhydrodynamicconditions,organicpollutionandeutrophication,aQUAL2Kmodelwasapplicatedtopredictthetemporalandspatialvariationofwaterqualityinurbanriv
5、ersystem.Andthen,theproperandeffectivemeasureswereexploredforenvironmentalmanagementandpollutioncontrolofBeihuanwatersystem.Modelingresultsshowedthatfitnessofthemodelcouldreach09135afterrepeatedadjustmen,tandtherelativedeviationbetweensimulationandfieldvaluewaslessthan20%forwaterte
6、mperature,dissolvedoxygen,COD,TN,TPandChla.Therefore,themodelwasofhighaccuracyandcouldbeusedtosimulateandpredictthewaterenvironmentchangesinBeihuanwatersystem.Underthewaterenvironmentenhancementscenariosofdoublingthequantityofsourcewateranddiminutionofthepointandnonpointpollution
7、salongtheway,thewaterqualityindifferentsectionswasimprovedinvaryingdegrees.Andefficiencyforthethreewaterenvironmentimprovementmeasuresofpointandnonpointsourcecoeliminationdoublingthequantityofsourcewaterandpointsourceeliminationonlyisinadescendingmanner,whichindicatedthatthenonpo
8、intpollutionisthema
