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1、ARTICLEINPRESSAvailableonlineatwww.sciencedirect.connGENERALANDCOMPARATIVESCIENCENCE^I/^)DIRECT®ENDOCRINOLOGYELSEVIERGeneralandComparativeEndocrinologyxxx(2004)xxx-xxxwww.elsevier.com/locate/ygcenNoninvasivemonitoringofadrenocorticalactivityincarnivoresbyfecalglucocorticoidanalysesK.M.Y
2、oung,^S.L.Walker,^C.Lanthier,^W.T.Waddell,'^S.L.Monfort,^andJ.L.Brown^*'^ConservationandResearchCenter,NationalZoologicalPark,SmithsonianInstitution,FrontRoyal,VA,USALeZoodeGranhy,Granby,Quebec,Canada"PointDefianceZooandAquarium,Tacoma,WA,USAReceived4December2003;revised25February2004;a
3、ccepted26February2004AbstractMeasurementofglucocorticoidmetabolitesinfeceshasbecomeanacceptedmethodforthenoninvasiveevaluationofadre-nocorticalactivity.Theobjectiveofthisstudywastodetermineifasimplecortisolenzymeimmunoassay(EIA)wassuitableformonitoringadrenocorticalactivityinavarietyofc
4、arnivorespecies.PerformanceofthecortisolEIAwasgaugedbycomparisontoacorticosteroneradioimmunoassay(RIA)thathasbeenusedformeasuringglucocorticoidmetabohtesinfecesofnumerousspecies.TestsforparallelismandextractioneflSciencywereusedtocomparethecortisolEIAandcorticosteroneRIAacrosseightspeci
5、esofcarnivores(Himalayanblackbear,slothbear,domesticcat,cheetah,cloudedleopard,black-footedferret,slender-tailedmeerkat,andredwolf).ThebiologicalrelevanceofimmunoreactiveglucocorticoidmetabolitesinfeceswasestablishedforatleastonespeciesofeachCarnívorafamilystudiedwithanadrenocorticotrop
6、ichormone(ACTH)challenge.Highperformanceliquidchromatog-raphy(HPLC)analysisoffecalextractsforeachspeciesrevealed(1)thepresenceofmultipleimmunoreactiveglucocorticoidme-tabohtesinfeces,but(2)thetwoimmunoassaysmeasureddifferentmetabolites,and(3)thereweredifferencesacrossspeciesinthenumbera
7、ndpolaritiesofmetabolitesidentifiedbetweenassaysystems.ACTHchaUengestudiesrevealedincreasesinfecalme-tabohteconcentrationsmeasuredbythecortisolEIAandcorticosteroneRIAof~228-1145%and----231^150%abovepre-treat-mentbaseline,respectively,within1-2daysofinjection.Concentrationsoffec
