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时间:2019-05-13
《谷子目标性状基因库育种技术体系的构建及其应用》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、中国农业科学2005,38(7):1306-1311ScientiaAgriculturaSinica谷子目标性状基因库育种技术体系的构建及其应用刘正理,程汝宏(国家谷子改良中心/河北省农林科学院谷子研究所,石家庄050031)摘要:谷子目标性状基因库育种法是河北省农林科学院谷子所为加强育种工作主动性和目的性提出的一种新型常规育种方法,它成功地将种质创新和新品种选育结合在一起,在对亲本材料进行分类的基础上,以不育材料作工具,构建多个混合群体-目标性状基因库,利用各基因库内基因的累加效应开展超亲育种,进行种质创新;利用基因库间基因的重组、互作效应及基因突变进行组合育种、改良育种,将各基因库创新
2、的优良性状组合到一起,选育综合性状优良的新品种。河北省农林科学院谷子研究所用该法已创新出系列早熟、超早熟新材料,并利用这些材料培育出了多个综合性状优良的新品种,在国家谷子品种区域试验和品种比较试验中表现突出。培育出4份超早熟谷子新品种,在河北省坝上地区正常成熟,其中超早熟1号还具有甜秆、多穗、秸秆粗蛋白含量高的特点,超早熟2号小米富铁、粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量高。关键词:谷子;目标性状基因库;育种体系EstablishmentandApplicationofBreedingTechnologySystemonMilletTargetCharacterGeneBankLIUZheng-li,CHEN
3、GRu-hong(NationalMilletImprovementCenter/InstituteofMilletCrops,HebeiAcademyofAgriculturalandForestryScience,Shijiazhuang050031)Abstract:Thewayoftargetcharactergenebankbreedingisanewwayofconventionalbreeding,whichisintroducedbytheauthors’myinstituteinordertoimproveinitiativeandpurposefulness.Ithasc
4、ombinedgermplasminnovationandbreedingselectionofnewvarieties.Onthebasisofclassificationofparentalmaterial,usingthesterilitylineastool,theauthors’hasconstructeddifferenttargetcharactergenebanks,andhasdevelopedtransgressionbreedingandinnovationingermplasmutilizingtheadditiveeffectofgeneinthegenebanka
5、ndhasusedgenerecombinationandinteractionofgeneandgenemutationtodevelopcombinationbreedingandimprovevarietyandbreednewvarieties.Theyhavecombinedalltheinnovatedgoodcharactersinallthegenebankstodevelopnewvarietywithgoodsyntheticcharacters.ThereserchinstituteofMilletCropsinHebeiAcademyofAgriculturaland
6、ForestryScienceinnovatedasetofprematurity,super-prematuritymaterialsusingthismethod,andhasdevelopedmanygoodnewvarietieswithsyntheticcharacters.Thesevarietiesshowedprominentinnationalmilletvarietytestandvarietytest.Foursuper-prematuritylinesweredeveloped,whichcouldmaturatenormallyatBa-shangDistricti
7、nHebeiProvience.Sotheforbiddenzoneformilletbreedingisbrokenthrough.Amongthefourlines,super-prematurityNo.1hassweet-straw,multi-spikeandhighcrudeprotein.Super-prematurityNo.2haswell-offiron,highcrudeproteina
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