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ID:36631387
大小:1.45 MB
页数:41页
时间:2019-05-13
《有机肥和无机肥配合施用对水稻生物学特性和土壤肥力的影响》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、江西农业大学硕士学位论文有机肥和无机肥配合施用对水稻生物学特性和土壤肥力的影响姓名:彭耀林申请学位级别:硕士专业:作物栽培学与耕作学指导教师:张美良2003.6.1摘要在21年长期肥料定位试验的条件下,2002年研究了有机无机肥配施对水稻生物学特性及土壤肥力的影响,并于2002年进行了盆栽试验,以便对长期肥料定位试验的结果进行对照。长期肥料定位试验结果表明:不同肥料结构显著影响水稻产量和土壤肥力。长期有机无机肥配合施用与长期单施化肥相比,不仅可使水稻增产,增产幅度达2.69%~11.16%,而且可提高水稻土的肥力,各处理土壤有机质、全氮、
2、有效氮、有效磷、有效钾含量均高于单施化肥的处理。有机无机肥长期配施可提高水稻总吸氮量和总干物质积累量,但其优势主要在水稻的生育后期,并能提高后期水稻群体生长率、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量以及茎鞘可溶性糖含量。盆栽试验结果表明:与单施化肥相比,短期(一年)不同种类有机肥与化肥配施增产效果不一。沼肥配施化肥的处理水稻产量比单施化肥略高,紫云英、稻草或猪粪配施化肥的处理水稻产量比单施化肥的低。但产量差异主要表现在早稻,晚稻产量差异不明显。产量越高的处理,水稻生育中后期吸氮量和干物质积累量、叶片叶绿素含量、茎鞘可溶性糖含量更有优势,单位氮肥增产率、颖
3、花茎鞘量也高。关键词:长期试验:有机肥;化肥;土壤肥力;肥料结构;生物学特性AbstractUndertheconditionoftwentyone·year(198l~2002)locatedexperiment,thebiologicalcharacterofinorganic-organicfertilizerincorporationonriceandsoilfertilitywerestudied.Meanwhile,thepotexperimentwascarriedoutin2002toascertainthebiologi
4、calcharacterofdifferentfertilizationcombinationonrice.Resultsoflong—termlocatedexperimentshowedthatthegrainyieldandthesoilfertilityweresigniticantlyinfluencedbydifferentfertilizationcombination.Comparedtochemicalfertilizertreatment,thegrainyieldofinorganic—organicfertiliz
5、erincorporationtreatmentsincreasedby2.69%~11.16%in2002.nlecontentsofOrganicMatter,TotalN,AvailablePandAvailableKwereallhigherthanthatofthesoiltreatedwithchemicalfertilizer.ThetotalNuptakeandtotaldrymatterofricetreatedwithinorganic—organicfertilizerincorporationwereweighte
6、rthanthatofriceinchemicalfertilizertreatment.ButtheadvantagesofNuptakeanddrymatteraccumulationofricetreatedwithinorganic—organicfertilizerincorporationappearedinlategrowingstageofflee.Inaddition,thecropgrowthrate,theleafareaindex,thecontentofchlorophyllinriceleaf,theconte
7、ntofsolublesuguarinstemandsheathinlategrowingstageofricewereallhigherthanthatofchemicalfertilizertreatment.Resultsofpotexperimentshowedthatdifferentkindsoforganicfertilizerincombinationwithchemicalfertilizerhasdifferemeffectsonyieldofriceinashortperiod(oneyear)comparedtot
8、hechemicalfertilizertreatment.Theyieldinayearofricetreatedwithbiogasfertilizerincombinationwithc
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