叶轮口环间隙对离心泵性能影响的模拟和试验

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1、10FLUIDMACHINERYVol.40，No．11，2012文章编号:1005－0329(2012)11－0010－05叶轮口环间隙对离心泵性能影响的模拟和试验潘中永，陈士星，张大庆，涂琴，李彦军(江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心，江苏镇江212013)摘要:通过数值模拟和试验，研究了叶轮口环间隙对离心泵性能的影响。为准确计算离心泵的扬程和效率，设计了包含前后泵腔在内的全流场模型。基于RNGk－ε湍流模型，建立了3种口环方案，重点从湍动能、涡量和径向力角度，分析了口环间隙对离心泵全流场水力效率和机械效率的影响。结果表明:当口环间隙值减小时，离心泵的扬

2、程和总效率均增大。究其原因有:叶轮内能量耗散降低;叶轮进口处二次流对主流的冲击作用减弱;离心泵的偏心涡动减弱;前腔泄漏量减少。通过对3种口环方案的综合比较，最终确定叶轮口环采用方案I，效率最高而且满足工程实际应用的需要。关键词:口环间隙;离心泵;湍动能;涡量;径向力中图分类号:TH311文献标识码:Adoi:10．3969/j．issn．1005－0329．2012．11．003SimulationandExperimentoftheEffectofClearanceofImpellerWear-ringsonthePerformanceofCentrif

3、ugalPumpPANZhong-yong，CHENShi-xing，ZHANGDa-qing，TUQin，LIYan-jun(ResearchCenterofFluidMachineryEngineeringandTechnology，JiangsuUniversity，Zhenjiang212013，China)Abstract:Theeffectofclearanceofimpellerwear-ringsontheperformanceofacentrifugalpumpwasinvestigatednumericallyandexperiment

4、ally．Thewholeflowfieldmodelincludingfrontandbackshroudsofpumpwasdesignedsoastoaccuratelycalcu-latetheheadandefficiencyofthecentrifugalpump．BasedonRNGk－εturbulencemodel，threewear-ringsschemeswerees-tablished，andtheeffectsofclearanceofimpellerwear-ringsonthehydraulicefficiencyandmec

5、hanicalefficiencyofthecentrifu-galpumpwasanalyzed，chieflyfromtheturbulentkineticenergy，vorticityandradialforceangles．Accordingtotheresults，itcanbedrawnthattheheadandtotalefficiencyofthecentrifugalpumpincreaseastheclearancevalueofwear-ringsnarrows．Thefollowingreasonsmayaccountforit

6、:theenergydissipationdecreasewithintheimpeller;theimpactofsecondaryflowattheinletofimpelleronthemainstreamweakensslowly;theeccentricwhirlofcentrifugalpumpisdampened;thefrontshroudleakagedi-minishes．Finally，thefirstwear-ringschemeofimpellerisadoptedaftercomprehensivecomparisonofthe

7、sethreewear-ringschemes，becauseitsefficiencyishighestanditsatisfiestherequirementsoftheengineeringapplication．Keywords:clearanceofwear-rings;centrifugalpump;turbulentkineticenergy;vorticity;radialforce1引言对包含口环间隙的离心泵内外特性进行深入的研究很有意义。离心泵叶轮口环间隙的存在不仅产生了容积Black，H．F．通过理论分析和试验对离心损失，还改变了离心

8、泵的内部流态，从而对离心泵泵环形间隙密封处的流体力进行了研究，指出