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时间:2019-05-11
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1、第23卷第10期岩石力学与工程学报23(10):1760~17642004年5月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringMay,2004*柔性边界加载试验机研制孟祥跃李世海张均锋(中国科学院力学研究所北京100080)摘要现有的土力学试验机都是刚性边界加载,也就是等位移边界加载。这种试验机基本上是以研究均匀材料为目的,并且,它主要用于研究材料内部一点的应力-应变状态和强度准则。而实际的土石混合体和破碎岩体内部包含有结构面和节理面等,它们是非均匀、非连续的,在外力的作用下其内部的应力分布是不均匀的。对于这种材料
2、,其真正的受力条件是等应力边界条件。为此,介绍了一种自行研制的三轴试验机——柔性边界加载试验机。该试验装置可以更好地从均匀加载的角度研究非均匀、非连续介质的变形及破坏规律。对这种试验机的原理和设计作了说明;推导出了轴压、围压、平衡压之间的协调关系;同时,还介绍了超声波位移测量系统以及压制试样的装置和压制过程。关键词岩土力学,试验机,柔性边界,轴压,围压,平衡压,超声波位移测量分类号TU415文献标识码A文章编号1000-6915(2004)10-1760-05STUDYANDMANUFACTUREOFFLEXIBLEBOUNDARYLOADINGTEST
3、INGMACHINEMengXiangyue,LiShihai,ZhangJunfeng(InstituteofMechanics,TheChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100080China)AbstractExistingtestingmachinesforrockandsoilmechanicsandgeo-engineeringareallunderstiffboundaryloading,thatis,allthedisplacementsateverypointofboundarysurfaceareequal
4、.Thesekindsoftestingmachinesareaimedathomogeneousmaterials.Theexistingtestingmachinesaremainlyusedtostudystress-strainstateandstrengthcriterionatapointinsidehomogeneousmaterials.Thisdoesnotcorrespondwiththefracturepatternsofrockandsoilmixtureorfracturedrock.Thereasonisthatthesema
5、terialscontainstructuralfacesandjointfaces,andtheyareinhomogeneousanddiscontinuous.Whileexternalforcesareappliedonthem,thestressdistributioninsidematerialsisuneven.Forthesematerials,therealstateisthatstressesactingoneverypointofboundarysurfaceareequal.Inordertostudythemechanicalb
6、ehaviourofrockandsoilmixtureorfracturedrock,anewtypeoftriaxialcompressivetestmachineisdeveloped,namelyflexibleboundaryloadingtestingmachine.Thistestingmachineisgoodatstudyingthedeformationandfailureofinhomogeneousanddiscontinuousmediafromtheangleofloadingequability.Theworkingprin
7、cipleanddesignthoughtofthismachineareillustrated.Thecorrelationamongaxialpressure,confiningpressureandbalancepressureisderived.Atthesametime,theapplicationofultrasonicdisplacementmeasuringsystemtoflexibleboundaryloadingtestingmachineandthemakingprocessoftestsamplearealsopresented
8、.Keywordsrockandsoilmechanics,testingmac
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