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时间:2019-05-11
《地震波效应与山体斜坡震裂机理深入分析》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、第33卷第1期西北地震学报Vol.33No.12011年3月NORTHWESTERNSEISMOLOGICALJOURNALMarch,2011地震波效应与山体斜坡震裂机理深入分析①冯文凯,黄润秋,许强(地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室(成都理工大学),四川成都610059)摘要:“5·12”汶川大地震造成了大量山体斜坡震裂变形和破坏现象,为深入研究其力学机理,通过实例详细调查及地震中体波效应和面波效应的深入分析,认为地震中地震波的作用使山体斜坡表部岩土体尤其是坡肩部位受到量值和方向不断变化的拉张应力作用,该作用在垂直平面内表现为全方位动态变化特点,导致坡肩岩土体具有旋转倾倒和
2、正、反拉作用;与此同时在坡体内部伴随出现潜在剪动作用力及岩土体的开裂和压碎现象,尤其在潜在滑动面上剪切作用力更为集中;此外坡体表面还受到鼓胀拉力和扭力的共同作用。据此可将地震波作用效应划分为4种重要表现形式,即拉-剪破裂效应、界面动应力效应、潜在的楔劈效应和超空(孔)隙水压力激发机制。分析结果与实例及振动模拟结果一致。研究成果可为灾后重建和防灾减灾提供参考。关键词:汶川大地震;山体斜坡;震裂变形;地震波效应;震裂机理中图分类号:TU435文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-0844(2011)01-0020-06In-depthAnalysisoftheSeismicWaveEffect
3、andSlopeShatteredMechanismFENGWen-kai,HUANGRun-qiu,XUQiang(StateKeyLaboratoryofGeohazardPreventionandGeoenvironmentProtection,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,Chengdu610059,China)Abstract:Onthebasisofthephenomenaofslopeshattereddeformationandfailureafter5·12Wenchuangreatearthquake,theeffectsofbodyw
4、aveandsurfacewaveintheearthquakeareana-lyzed,andthemechanicalmechanismofslopeshattereddeformationarestudied.Itisconsideredthattheeffectofseismicwavescausedthealternateactionofthetensionstresswithvaluesanddirectionconstantlychangingactedontherockandsoilmassofslopesurfacelayer,especiallyontheslope
5、shoulder,thecharacteristiconperpendicularplaneshowedoveralldynamicchangeandresultedintherockandsoilmassonshoulderappearedrevolution-dump,positiveandinversetensionaction.Meanwhile,thefollowingshearaction,crackingandcrushingoccurred.Theshearactionwasmoreconcentratedonslidesurface.Inaddition,thebul
6、getensionandtorsionforcesactedtogetherontheslopesurfacealso.Inthispaper,seismicwaveeffectisdividedintofourkindsofforms:thetension-shearingruptureeffect,theinterfacedynamicstresseffect,thepotentialwedgesplittingeffect,andthesuperinterstitialhydraulicorporewaterpressureexcita-tionmechanism.Theanal
7、ysisresultsarewellinaccordancewithfieldphenomenaandtheresultofvibrationsimulationmodel,providedanimportantguideforthepost-disasterreconstructionanddisasterpreventionandmitigation.Keywords:Wenchuangreatearthquake;Slope;Shatte
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