植物间正相互作用对种群动态与群落结构的影响研究

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1、兰州大学博士学位论文植物间正相互作用对种群动态与群落结构的影响研究姓名：储诚进申请学位级别：博士专业：生物学生态学指导教师：王刚20100501囤兰州大学博士学位论文系统如高寒草甸产生灾难性的影响，加速生物多样性的丧失。由此可见，植物间正相互作用对种群动态与群落结构具有重要的影响，构建基于正负两种相互作用的生态学理论势在必行。在全球气候变化的大背景下，该研究具有重要的理论与现实意义。关键词：高寒草甸、恒定产量法则、个体大小不整齐性、自疏轨迹、海拔梯度、生态位理论、中性理论、全球气候变化兰州大学博士学位论文AbstractThestudyofbioticinteractionsamongorga

2、nismshasbeenoneofthemostcriticalissuesincommunityecologyduringthelastdecades．Themajorityofcurrentecologicaltheoriesonplantcommunitystructureanddynamicsarepermeated晰mnegativeinteractions(i．e．competition)．However,manyexperimentsconductedinthelast20years，especiallyconductedinphysicallyharshenvironments

3、，havedemonstratedthatpositiveinteractions(i．e．facilitation)alsoplayallessentialroleinnaturalsystems．Howtoincorporatefacilitationintomainstreamecologicaltheoriesmainlybasedoncompetitionhasbeenallemergingtaskforecologists．Bycombiningfieldexperiments，modelsimulationsandstatisticalinference，thepresentdi

4、ssertationexploresthepotentialeffectsofV)sitiveinteractionsamongplantsonpopulationdynamicsandcommunitystructures，andattemptstoconstructaholistictheoreticalframeworkaccountingforbothfacilitationandcompetition．Usingtwoconstrastedsites，sixspecies，andfiveplanttraits，weexploitedtheeffectsofthevariousfact

5、orsontheoutcomeofplantinteractionsinallalpinemeadowoftheQineJlai—TibetanPlateau．Theresultsdemonstratedthattheresponsestotheremovalofneighborswerespecies·andtrait-specific，aSwell勰thelocalenvironmentalconditions．Theseexperimentsshedlightupontheassumptionsandpredictiontestsofpopulationandcommunitymodel

6、sweconstructed．Byusinganextendedversionofanindividual—based‘Zone—Of-Influence’model，weconstructedgrow-rateequationsforindividualplantsinmonoculturetOtestthehypothesisthatthebalancebetweenfacilitativeandcompetitiveinteractionsdeterminedbiomass--densityrelationships(i．e．constantfmalyield)，sizeinequali

7、tyandself-thinningtrajectories．Ourresultsshowedthatpositiveinteractionsprofoundlyaffectbiomass-densityrelationships，andincreasethesizeinequalityofmodelpopulations、耐mandwithoutdensity—dependentmortalit