[文学]学术前沿概论：文学论文研究思路

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1、AcademicStudyaboutLiteratureApproachestoliteratureHowtoformyourideasandTopicsApproachestoliterature1.Approachestoliterature1.1.Thetraditionalapproaches1.1.1Historical–Biographicalapproach1.1.2Moral–philosophicalapproach1.2.TheFormalisticapproach:new–criticism1.3.Theoreticala

2、pproaches:1.3.1.Feministapproach1.3.2.Post-colonialapproachesTheanalysisthatdominatedthestudyofliteratureuntilthe1930sisusuallycalledthetraditionalapproach,particularlythebiographical-historicalapproach.Inthisview,theworkisinformedbytheauthor'sbeliefs,prejudices,time,andhist

3、ory,andtofullyunderstandthework,wemustunderstandtheauthorandhisage.1.1.Thetraditionalapproaches1.1.Historical–BiographicalapproachOnemustknowMiltonwasblind,forinstance,for"OnHisBlindness"tohaveanymeaning.Inthiscase,Theknowledgeoftheauthor’slifeexperiencescanhelptounderstanda

4、ndclarifysomefactualreferenceandallusionsinliteraryworks,therebyenrichingareader’sappreciationforthatauthor’swork.So,theauthor’sletter,diaries,andessayswerecombedforevidenceofauthorialintentionsinwriting.FrankensteinbyMaryShelleyTheAwakeningbyKateChopinMrsDallowaybyVirginiaW

5、oolfDavidCopperfieldbyDickensCloselyconnectedwiththebiographicalapproachistheapproachtoliteraturewiththereferencewiththehistoricalandsocialcontextinwhichtheauthorshadlived.Therearesomeworksthataremorelikelytoinvitereaderstointerpretthemfromtheaspectofthebroaderextrinsicrange

6、ofsocialexperience.Inthiscase,theauthorsarelikelytobethoughtashistorians,theinterpretersofcontemporaryculture,thinkersofthesociallife.CharlesDickens:OliverTwist,DombeyandSonHawthorne:TheScarletLetterDanielDefoe:RobinsonCrusoewitharrivaloftheNewCriticismin1920s,scholarsbegant

7、orejectbiographical-historicalapproachesButthehistoryseemedtoprovethathistorical-biographicalapproachrefusedtobeoutofthehistoricalstage.1.1.2Moral–philosophicalapproachMoral-philosophicalcriticsbelievethatthelargerpurposeofliteratureistoteachmoralityandtoprobephilosophicalis

8、sues.Theywouldinterpretliteraturewithinthecontextofthephilosophicalthoughto