[其它语言学习]lecture

《[其它语言学习]lecture》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Lecture5ChangesinWordmeaning讲授题目：ChangesinWordMeaning计划学时：3periods教学方法：传统讲授法参考资料：《英语词汇学教程》、《英语词汇学》所属章节：教材之第五章教学目的和要求：通过本单元的学习，学生应对词义变化的种类、词义演变的原因和过程有较好的了解和认识。1Lecture5Typeofchanges教学重点：1)Typesofchanges;2)Causesofchanges.教学难点：Fivetypesofchanges:1)Extension;2)Narrowing;3)Elevati

2、on;4)Degration;5)Transfer.2Lecture5Typeofchanges※Vocabularyisthemostunstableelementofalanguageasitisundergoingconstantchangesbothinformandcontent.Comparatively,thecontentisevenmoreunstablethantheform.Ofcourse,somemeaningsremainmuchthesameforalongtimebecausethereferentstowhicht

3、heydirectdonotchange.3Lecture5Typeofchanges(词的形式和内容总处于变化之中，是语言中最不稳定的因素。从比较的角度来说，内容比形式更不稳定。当然有些词的意义由于所指未变而没有发生变化。)4Lecture5Typeofchanges※Changinginwordmeaninghasneverceasedsincethelanguagecameintobeingandwillcontinueinthefuture.Yetnoonehasbeenabletosystemizethewaysinwhichchange

4、soccur.However,thereareafewpatternsthatchangesfollow.Thislecturewilldiscussinsomedetailthemajorpatternsandthecausesofchanges.5Lecture5Typeofchanges1.TypesofChangesWord-meaningchangesbymodesofextension,narrowing,degradation,elevation,andtransfer.(1)Extension/Widening(词义的扩大)Exte

5、nsionofmeaning,alsoknownasgeneralization(词义一般化),isthenamegiventothewideningofmeaningwhichsomewordsundergo.6Lecture5TypeofchangesItisaprocessbywhichawordwhichoriginallyhadaspecializedmeaninghasnowbecomegeneralized.Inotherwords,thetermhasextendedtocoverabroaderandoftenlessdefini

6、teconcept.※词义的扩大指词的意义的扩展。这是一个词义从表达某一专门意义到表示概括意义的过程。也就是说，词开始涵盖了更多的意义，比原有的概念的范围更大了。7Lecture5TypeofchangesExamples:WordOldMeaningExtendedMeaningmanuscripthandwritinganyauthor’swritingwhetherwritten(writingbyhand)byhandortypedwithatype-writer,…barnaplaceforstoringonlybarleystorero

7、ompicturepaintingdrawings,evenphotographs8Lecture5Typeofchangesmillpaceforgrindingplacewherethingsareground/madejournaldailypaperperiodicalbonfirefireonbonesafireintheopenbyburninganythingbutcheronewhokillsgoatsonewhokillsanimals9Lecture5TypeofchangesExtensionofmeaningmayoccur

8、infourways:①Fromspecifictogeneralthing:apublicassembly→anyobj