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时间:2019-05-06
《英语句子成分讲解1》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、英语句子成分讲解主语谓语宾语定语状语补语表语一、主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。主语一般是放在动词前面。主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it作形式主语。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名词)Helikesdancing(代词)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)ItisveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.(It
2、形式主语,tolearnEnglishwell是真正主语)二、谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。一般是动词。*一般实义动词#系动词be(amisarewaswere)过去分词been感官动词(look、sound、feel、taste)*情态动词(canmaymustshallshouldwillwouldmight后面必须跟动词原形共同构成谓语)shecan-be--ateacher.WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.三、表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.(名词)Seventy-f
3、our!Youdon’tlookit.(代词)Fiveandfiveisten.(数词)Heisasleep.(形容词)Hisfatherisin.(副词)Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容词化的分词)Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.”(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表语从句)常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来),re
4、main(保持,仍是),feel(感觉)….Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.三、宾语一般跟在动词后面1)动作的承受者——动宾IlikeChina.(名词)Hehatesyou.(代词)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(数词)Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwit
5、hyou.(动名词)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(宾语从句)2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3)双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.四、宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名)Wewill
6、makethemhappy.(形容词)Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.(介词短语)Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(带to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(现在分词)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(过去分词)五、主补:对主语的补充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazy
7、boyalesson.www.rr365.com六、定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名词)Heisourfriend.(代词)Webelongtothethirdworld.(数词)Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容词)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)Thew
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