书面表达专项突破

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书面表达专项突破书面表达高分策略如何突破写作，获得高分，成为广大师生关注的问题。下面我就写作中如何运用高级表达提出以下几点，供广大师生参考。1.使用复合句复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来，从而使表达显得高级。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下列几种：(1)定语从句MaryisagirlinClass1.ShespeaksEnglishveryfluently.→MaryisagirlinClass1,whospeaksEnglishveryfluently.(2)状语从句Thedoctorarrivedthereintime.Theboywassaved.Itwasnottoolate.→Theboywassavedbecausethedoctorarrivedtherebeforeitwastoolate.(3)名词性从句(包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)XiaoMingwasalwayslateforschool.Histeacherdidn’tknowwhy.→Histeacherdidn’tknowwhyXiaoMingwasalwayslateforschool.如果考生驾驭句子的能力较强，则还可以恰当使用复杂的复合句（就是从句中还包含从句）。例如：IwanttoknowwhetheryouwanttomeetMissTangwhenshecomesbackfromJapan,wheresheworksasanengineer.(本句包含3个从句)2.使用某些惯用句型写作中如果能恰当运用英语中某些常见的惯用句型，可以使文章显得富有“洋味”。例如：  (1)Theboywassobravethatheledtheenemyintoourringofencirclement(包围).(so…that…句型)  (2)Sobravewastheboythatheledtheenemyintoourringofencirclement(包围).（倒装结构）(3)IdidnotrealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishwelluntilthen.（not…until…）  (4)NotuntilthendidIrealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.(notuntil的倒装句)  (5)ItwasnotuntilthenthatIrealizedtheimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.（强调句）3.使用高级词汇⑴巧用习语(idiom)英语中有大量习语，如果运用得当，则可大大增加文章的感染力。考生要在平时的学习过程中不断积累。例如：①  Whatsheexplaineddoesn’tholdwater.她的解释站不住脚。②  Manyfamiliesstruggletomakeendsmeet.很多家庭只能勉强维持生计。③  Idon’tknowwhysheisalwaysinlowspirits.我不知道她为什么总是情绪低落。④  HeturnedadeafeartowhatIsaid.他对我的话一点也听不进去。⑤  Thissentencedoesn’tmakesense.这个句子讲不通。⑵用短语代替单词英语中同义词众多，在表达的时候，尽量用短语代替单个的词。例如：①IhavemadeupmymindtostudyEnglishbetterthisterm.(同义词：decide)②Ihavenoideahowtoenlargemyvocabulary.(同义词：don’tknow)③Aburningcigaretteendresultedin/ledtothebigfire.(同义词：cause)8 ④SincemychildhoodIhavebeenfondofmusic.(同义词：like)⑤Wewilltakethematterintoaccount(consideration).(同义词：consider)⑶善用小词在写作中巧用、活用某些小词，常常会起到画龙点睛、四两拨千斤的作用。•动词：see,find,have,take,get,strike,run,cover,fail,go,make,manage,keep,stay,do(行，可以),help(有用),work(起作用),count,etc.例如：①  2005sawthesuccessfullaunchofShenzhouVIinChina.②  Chinahasahistoryofmorethan5,000years.③  SaddamHussingothangedonthe30thofDecember,2006.④  HowdoesShenzhenstrikeyou?⑤  Ihavetoearnmorethan6,000yuanifIwanttocovermyexpensesinShenzhen.⑥  WhenIreceivedthenewsthatIgotthefirstplace,wordsfailedme.⑦  Thisishowthestorygoes.⑧Afterafewyears’training,shemadeanexcellentteacher.⑨  Mary’smotheraskedhertoseizetimetogooverherlessonsforthefinalexam,butitdidn’thelp.⑩  Itistheabilitytodothejobwellthatcounts.•名词、形容词、副词、介词等：amust,ahit,asuccess,abetter/bestchoice/seller,arrival,stay,top,new,pretty(相当地),terribly,badly,in(时尚的),out(过时的)，beyond,under,ondisplay/onsecondthought(s),atthenewsof/atthesightof,etc.例如：①  Englishisamustforus.②  Ofallthe2006filmsZhangYimou’sCurseoftheGoldenFlower(满城尽带黄金甲)wasthebestseller.③  ImadelotsoffriendsduringmystayinFrance.④  WendyWangmustbeoneofthetopstudentsinourschool.⑤  Thiskindofworkisquitenewtome.⑥  Iamgoingtofindaniceapartmentprettysoon.⑦  Doctorswerebadlyneededinthatareaaftertheflood.⑧Shortskirtsareinagain.⑨  Hislectureisbeyondmyunderstanding.⑩ ShenzhenMetroLine3isstillunderconstruction.4.使用名词表达动词意义①Hisfailureintheexamagainmadehismotherveryworried.②OnarrivalhomeIfoundthefrontdooropen.③Livingneartheairportmayleadtopeople’slossofhearing.④Noonecanentertheofficewithoutpermission.⑤Therailwaylineisstillunderconstruction.5.使用形容词（短语）做状语或者使用非谓语动词结构等①Theyreturnedhome,safeandsound.②Fulloffear,Iwalkedinthedarkness.③WhilewalkingalongthestreetsImetJane.④Westartedoutveryearlyinordertocatchthefirstearlybus.⑤Iarrivedhome,reallyexhausted.6.使用表示过渡的连接词8 高考“基础写作”的评分标准中特别强调句子间的连贯性。之所以把衔接和连贯作为重要标准来要求，是因为衔接和连贯是构成语篇的最基本条件。常用的连接词有：and,but,so,besides,morever,what’smore,what’sworse,inaddition,however,therefore,suddenly,finally,while,also,too,thus,yet等等。例如：①Hethoughtheunderstoodtheproblem;however,hewasmistaken.②Theycostalotofmoney;thusyoushouldusethemcarefully.③Idon’tlikethedress;moreover,it’stooexpensive.④Iwaslateforthefilm;whatwasworse,Ileftmyticketathome.7.使用比喻、拟人等修辞手法比喻性结构新鲜活泼，形象具体，能给读者留下较深刻的印象，具有强大的感染力。例如：①TheGreatWallrunsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.②Tofinishtheworkaheadoftime,Ihavebeenasbusyasabeerecently.③Heisaluckydog.8.使用英语中的谚语和汉语一样，英语中也有大量谚语。若能在写作中恰当运用，会给文章增色不少。现例举几条励志类的谚语。①Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.②Timeandtidewaitfornoman.③Practicemakesperfect.④Alazyyouth,alousyage.⑤Wellbegunishalfdone.⑥  Nopains,nogains.⑦ Lookbeforeyouleap.⑧  Itisnevertoooldtolearn.⑨  Failureisthemotherofsuccess.⑩Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.高考写作词汇和句型总结一、图画类常用句型1)Itcanbeseenfromthepicturethat...2)Thepictureindicatesthat.../showsthat.../conveysthemessagesthat...3)Peoplefinda/anrise(increase/decrease/decline/drop/fall)in…4)Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin.5)Comparedwith...6)Inshort,wecansaythat...7)Onthewhole/Inconclusion,itmaybestatedthat...8)Thereisnodoubt...9)Wecansaywithcertaintythat...10)Noonewilldenythefactthat...11)Wecannotignorethefactthat…12)Asaresult,itcan/may/mightbeconcluded/inferredthat...13)However，that’snotthecase.二、讨论、图表数据类1、Thewaysb.do(es)sth.changedalotfrom…(年)to…(年)  8 从…年到…年人们做事的方式改变了很多。2、Thenumber/Therateof…(年)doubledthatof（年） …年的数字是…年数字的双倍Thenumber/Theamountof…hasdroppedfrom…(数字)in2008to…(数字)in2010.…的数字已从2008年的…下降到2010年的…3、Aspendtwiceasmuchtime/moneyonsth.asB A花在…上的时间/金钱是B的两倍Thenumberofthepeoplewho…wastentimesaslargeasin…(年) …人的数目是…年的十倍。4、Thefiguresshowthat…  这些数字显示…5Awouldliketodosth.whileBwantstodosth.  A想…而B想…6.Thereasonsarelistedasfollows: 原因如下：7、Chart1showsthat 表1显示…AsisshownonChart2,… 正如表2所显示的那样9、Asisshownintheabovediagram/table/picture… 正如上面的表格/图片所展示的那样…10、讨论类书面表达常用的的三段论模式：议题：Recentlywehavediscussedwhether…/hadaheateddiscussionaboutwhether…/Yesterdaywemadeasurveyabout…观点： Manypeople (,tobeexact70%,)thinkitisrightto…/agreewiththisidea…/70%ofthestudents/peoplethink…Thestudents/thosewhoarefor/againstitthink… 赞成/反对的人认为…自己的看法：Inmyopinion,…/Asforme,Ithink…/Personally,…11.goonline 上网surftheInternet 12.learnthelatestinformationathomeandabroad 获取国内外的最新消息13.makeourlifecolorfulandvaried  让生活多彩多样14.inandaroundourschool  校内外15.trainingclass培训班.haveaprivateteacher 请家教16.beweakin… 在…方面弱dowellin在…很好17.Italldependswhether  是否…那要视情况来定18.It’severycitizen’sdutytodosth.  干某事是每个公民的责任19.cutdowntheexpenseson…  削减…的开支三、健康状况及看病治疗1.beingood/poorhealth 身体（不）健康beingoodcondition 身体（状态）好2.havegotahigh/slightfever发高烧/有点儿发烧haveaslight/badcold 有点儿感冒/重感冒3.havegotapaininone’sthroat/leg/back  嗓子疼4.takeone’stemperature 量体温takethismedicine  吃这种药5.takeoneortwopillstwiceaday 一天两次，一次一到两粒6.begoodfor/dogoodtoone’shealth  对某人身体有好处7.It’snothingserious.没什么大不了的8.饮食与健康词汇短语keepwarm注意保暖greenfood绿色食品fullofenergy精力充沛havethehabitof有……的习惯refresh振作精神fashion时尚keepsbfit/healthy使某人保持健康goonadiet节食（动作）beonadiet节食（状态）loseweight减肥haveabalanceddiet均衡饮食avoideatingtoomuchfatorsugarkeepoffdrink/cigarettes/drugs/fattyfood不喝酒/不吸烟/不吸毒/不吃油腻食物benefitalotfrom…8 四．课外活动、旅游1.takepartinvarious/outofclassactivities参加各种各样的课余活动 takecomputerlessons 选修电脑课2.Weareenjoyingachangefromourbusylifeinthecity我们想从繁忙的城市生活中变个花样3.geteverythingreadyfor…  为…做好一切准备4.gatherattheschoolgate  在学校门口集中5.signupforitattheStudents’Union在学生会报名6.asummercamp 夏令营 gocamping 去野营7.atChristmas在圣诞节期间onNewYear’sEve在除夕夜intheSpringFestival 在春节onMayDay  在五一节8.competeinacontest参加比赛9.congratulatesb.onsth./congratulationstosbonsth. 祝贺某人…10.putupanoticesaying 张贴通知说11.theSummerPalace/theGreatWall 颐和园/长城12.pickflowers摘花 pickupawallet捡起一个钱包13.arelayrace 一个接力赛五、环保、污染与低碳生活(1)词汇短语pollutesth．污染某物protectairfrombeingpollutedsaveenergy节省能源freshair新鲜空气recyclingplastic再生塑料reducewaste减少浪费makegreatcontributionstoprotectingtheenvironment为保护环境做出巨大贡献preservenaturalresources保护自然资源environmentaldestruction环境破坏wastegas，plasticwaste废塑料earthquakes/Hurricanes/floods/storms/typhoons/sandstormsdeveloprenewableresources开发可再生资源(2)句子1)Asaresult，onlyquitelimitedfreshwaterresourceisavailabletohumanbeings．2)Somepeoplethrowrubbishanywhereastheylikeandevenburnrubbish．Itisknowntoallthatburningrubbishwillgiveoffpoisonoussmokeanddustwhichinturnpolluteair.3)Peoplesometimeshavetomaketheirwaythroughdustywindsasaresultofthepollution.4)Asweallknowthepollutionofwaterdoesgreatharmnotonlytolivingthingsbutalsotohumanbeings.Worsestill,itposesathreattoman’sexisting.5)It’shightimethatthegovernmenttookeffectivemeasurestoprotectwaterresources,stoppollutionandsavewater.6)Mostimportantly,weshouldstrengthenourawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.Otherwise,wecan'tsurviveontheearth.7)Peoplehaven'trealizedtheimportantparttreesplayinourdailylife.8)Theycutdowntreesatwill,whichcausesthesoiltobewashedaway.Gradually,moreandmorefieldsarebecomingdesert.9)Inordertocreatemoreland,shelterandenergy,moreandmoreforestshavebeencutdown,whichhasanenormousinfluenceontheglobalclimate.8 10)Worsestill,manypeoplesufferfromcancerasaresultofbreathingthepollutedair.Someofthemevendiedofit.11)Firstly,wemustlimittheincreasingofthenumberofvehicles.Secondly,weshouldtakestepstocleanthepoisonousgasesbeforetheyaresentintotheatmosphere.12)Thirdly,it'shightimethatthegovernmentpassedstricterlawstopunishthosebigpollutionproducers.13)Allinall,ifeverybodyrealizestheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionanddoessomethingtostoppollution,theproblemwillbesolved.六、校园文明、学校生活存在问题：不尊重老师家长，学习散漫，考试作弊，乱扔垃圾，污染环境showrespectfor/cheatintheexam，getdownto／buryoneselfin／concentrateone’senergyonone'sstudy．beconcernedaboutone’sstudy．failtoputone’sheartintoone'sstudy．withouttheawarenessthat／unconsciousofwhattheydo，pollutetheenvironment，dosth．harmfultoourenvironment，throwawayrubbishatrandom对荣辱观的认识：以遵纪守法、关心集体，勤奋学习为荣，以违反校规，自私自利，不思进取为耻considersthashonorablebehaviortoobeylawsanddisciplineconcernaboutOurclass，studydiligently。itishonorableto…caremoreforothers．ontheotherhand，beashamedif…thinkonlyofoneself，itshouldbeconsideredshamefulto…shownoambitiontomakeprogress，keepitinmindthatbreakingschoolrules，beingselfishandhavingnopursuitareshameful，将认识落实在行动中的打算：尊敬师长，努力学习，保护环境makeitaruletobepoliteto，caremoreaboutothersthanourselves，sparenoefforttoachieveourgoals，holdthebelief，dosomethingtopreventourlivingenvironmentfrombeingpolluted，It’sofvitalimportance…beputintoquickactionOurschoolmaybecomeamarvelousworld七、人物介绍、叙事类1.attheageof 在多大岁数时2.beactivein  在…很积极3.beborninapeasant’sfamily出生于一个农民家庭4.set/break/keepaworldrecord 创/破/保持一个世界纪录5.inone’schildhood在某人的童年时期6.theforeignlanguagedepartment 外语系7.inone’stwenties/fifties/nineties在某人二十/五十/九十多岁的时候8.akeyfigure一个关键人物9.makefriendswith 与某人交朋友10.haveagift/talentfor有…的天赋11.getfullmarks 得满分12.theministerofforeignaffairs外交部长13.makesb._______(无冠词)monitorof…让某人当…的班长8 14.wearapairofglasses 带一副眼镜15.bepatientwith对某人有耐心16.bestrictwithsb.insth. 对某人要求严格17.attend/gotouniversity 上大学18.beadmittedtoauniversity 考上大学19.befondof/carefor 喜欢20.becrazyabout  对…着迷21.becuriousabout 对…好奇22.beaddictedtodoingsth.干…上瘾23.adaptto/adjusttosth. 适应…24.muchtoone’ssurprise令sb大为惊讶的是25.Itwasnotlongbeforesbdidsth. 不久sb.干了sth.Itwas+一段时间beforesbdidsth.  多长时间之后sb干了sth.Itwillbe+一段时间beforesbdoessth. 多长时间之后sb将干sth.Itis/hasbeen +一段时间+since从句自……以来是多长时间26.Itisbelieved/thoughtthat人们认为…Sb.find(s)iteasy/difficulttodosth.  某人发觉干某事容易/困难Ithappensthat…碰巧…It’simportant/necessary/strangethatsb.shoulddosth. 干某事是重要的/必要的/奇怪的27.begettingonwellwithmystudy学习进展得非常好begettingonwellwithmyclassmates 和同学相处得非常好28.receiveadoctor’sdegree  取得一个博士学位winthefirstprize 获头等奖takethefirstplace 取得第一名29.succeedinsth./doingsth. 成功地干某事/在…成功了failindoingsth. 在……方面失败了failtodosth. 未能干某事30.majorin  主修…31.Hehasthebestrecordinhistory. 他的成绩最棒32.Thosewhowanttotakepartshouldsignupbefore提纲：截止日期：10月3日Oct.3rdintheauditorium. 报名地点：学校礼堂33.InordertoimproveourspokenEnglish,thestudents’Union willholdacontestonNov,2nd提纲：目的：提高口语时间：11月2日intheteachingbuilding.地点：教学楼34.scold/blamesb.forsth./doing… 因…责备某人praisesb.for… 因…而表扬某人thanksb.for… 因…而感谢某人speakillofsb.  说某人的坏话speak/thinkhighlyofsb.  高度赞扬某人35.liketobewithstudents 喜欢和学生呆在一起36.wethinkof/refertohimas…我们认为他…37.offertodosth.  主动表示要干某事38.dosth.asusual象往常一样干…39.regretdoing后悔干过某事8 40.makeupone’smind(s)todosth.决定干某事41.see/heasb.doingsth. 看到/听到某人正在干某事42.catchsightof 看到43.takenoticeof注意到…44.longforsth./longtodosth.渴望干某事 haveastrongdesiretodosth.45.comeacrossproblems/difficulties 碰到问题困难46.learnfromsb. 向某人学习47.leavetoday’sworkfortomorrow把今天的工作留到明天去做48.devoteone’ssparetimetoservingothers 把某人的闲暇时间花到…上八、交通安全词汇、短语overloading超载exceedthespeedlimit超速breaktrafficrulesrushthroughredlightsdriveInthewrongdirectiontalkandlaughwhiledrivingatrafficjampoorroadconditionscausemanyinjuriesanddeathseverydayobeythetrafficrulestakeaseriesofpreventionmeasurestoguaranteepublicsafety句子1·Someoftheaccidentsareduet0mechanicalproblems．However，mostofthemaretheresultsofcarelessandrecklessdrivingandcanbeavoided．2．Theydon’tslowdownwhileapproachingcrossroads．3.Thereisoftenatrafficjamespeciallyinrushhoursbecausemodernsocietylivesonthebasisofvehicles.4.Morecarsarerunningontheroadswiththedevelopmentofeconomy,sotheroadconditionscan'tmeettherequirementsofcars.5.AsfarasIknow/Accordingtosomesurveys,drivingafterdrinking/carelessdrivingaccountsforagreatpartoftrafficaccidents,whileoverloadingandignoringtrafficrulesshouldalsoberesponsibleformanyaccidents.Apartfromthis,poorroadconditionsandroughweathermayalsocontributetotrafficroadaccidents.6.Inmyopinion,it'shightimetoattachimportancetocarefuldrivingandtakeeffectivemeasures.Atthesametime,driversandpassers-byshouldimprovetheirawarenessofobeyingthetrafficrules.Thereisnodoubtthattheroadwillbesafertoallofusifeveryonedoeshispart.7.Thebestwaytoreducethenumberoftrafficaccidentsistomakeallyoungdriverscompleteasafedrivingeducationcoursebeforebeinglicencedtodriveandenhance(增强)people'sawarenesstowardssafetydriving.8.Todecreaseroadaccidentseverydrivershoulddrivehiscarcarefully,especiallywhentheweatherisbad.8