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ID:36062842
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时间:2019-05-03
《2019版高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块3unit1theworldofoursenses(含解析)牛津译林版》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、模块3Unit1Theworldofoursenses一、阅读理解。Ifyou'remakingdeterminationforahealthiernewyear,consideragutmakeover(肠道清理).Changingyourmicrobecommunity(微生物群),however,maynotbeeasy,andnobodyknowshowlongitmighttake.That'sbecausetheecosystemalreadyestablishedinyourgutdeter
2、mineshowitabsorbsandprocessesnutrients.Soifthemicrobecommunityinyourguthasbeenshapedbyadailydietofhamburgersandpizza,forexample,itwon'trespondasquicklytoahealthydietasagutshapedbyvegetablesandfruitsthathasamorevariedmicrobecommunity.“Thenutritionalvalueof
3、foodisinfluencedinpartbythemicrobecommunitythatencountersthatfood,”saidDrJeffreyGordon,theseniorauthorofthenewpaperanddirectoroftheCenterforGenomeScienceandSystemsBiologyattheWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis.“Nutritionalcomponentsofahealthyd
4、iethavetobeviewedfromtheinsideout,”hesaid,“notjusttheoutsidein.”Oneofthequestionsthestudysetouttoanswerwashowindividualswithdifferentdietsrespondwhentheytrytoimprovetheireatinghabits.Thescientistsharvestedgutbacteriafromhumans,transplantedthemintomicebred
5、undergermfreeconditions,andthenfedthemiceeitherAmericanstyleorplantbaseddiets.Thescientiststhenanalyzedchangesinthemice'smicrobecommunities.Ofinterest,thescientistsharvestedthegutbacteriafrompeoplewhofollowedsharplydifferentdiets.Onegroupateafairlytypical
6、Americandiet,consumingabout3000caloriesaday,highinanimalproteinswithfewfruitsandvegetables.Someoftheirfavoritefoodswereprocessedcheeseandlunchmeat.Theothergroupconsistedofpeoplewhowerecalorierestricted.Theyatelessthan1800caloriesadayandhadcarefullytracked
7、whattheyateforatleasttwoyears,stickingtoamostlyplantbaseddietandconsumingfarlessanimalproteinthantheothergroup,athirdfewercarbohydrates(碳水化合物)andonlyhalfthefat.Thiscalorierestrictedgroup,theresearchersfound,hadafarricherandmorediversemicrobecommunityinthe
8、gutthanthoseeatingatypicalAmericandiet.Theyalsocarriedseveralkindsof“good”bacteria,knowntopromotehealth,thatareuniquetotheirplantbaseddiet.“Perhapsthebestwaytoshapeahealthiermicrobecommunityistoeatmorefiberbyconsumi
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