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1、word完美格式摘要聚氯乙烯是世界上最早实现工业化生产的塑料品种之一。由于其具有难燃、抗化学腐蚀、耐磨、电绝缘性优良和机械强度较高等优点,广泛应用于农业、石油化工、轻工、纺织、化学建材、电力、冶金、国防军工、建材、食品加工等国民经济各命脉部门,在国民经济发展中具有举足轻重的地位。本次设计对年产6万吨PVC精馏工段进行工艺设计。采用电石乙炔法制取氯乙烯。此法是以电石为原料,电石水解生产乙炔,氯碱生产中产生的氯气和氢气直接合成法合成氯化氢,由乙炔和氯化氢经净化后在转化器中合成粗氯乙烯单体,粗氯乙烯单体经精馏后得到精氯乙烯单体,精氯乙烯单体经悬浮聚合得
2、到PVC。确定了生产方法之后对氯乙烯合成工段、精馏工段进行了物料衡算、热量衡算和设备选型计算。本文设计的电石乙炔法生产粗氯乙烯在工艺上可满足要求。关键词:PVC合成;粗氯乙烯精馏;物料衡算;热量衡算;设备选型精心整理学习帮手word完美格式AbstractPVCistheworld'sfirstindustrialproductionoftheplasticvarieties.Becauseithasdifficulttoburn,theanti-chemicaletching,wear-resisting,theelectricinsulati
3、onfineandthemechanicalstrengthhighermerit,Widelyappliesinnationaleconomyvariouslivesdepartmentsandsoonagriculture,petroleumchemicalindustry,lightindustry,spinningandweaving,chemistrybuildingmaterials,electricpower,metallurgy,nationaldefensewarindustry,buildingmaterials,foodpr
4、ocessing,Hasthepivotalstatusinthenationaleconomydevelopment.Thedesignofanannualoutputof60,000tonsofPVCsectionfordistillationprocessdesign.Preparationoftheuseofcalciumcarbideacetyleneperchlorethylene.Thismethodisbasedoncalciumcarbideasrawmaterials,theproductionofcalciumcarbide
5、hydrolysisacetylene,chlor-alkaliproductionofchlorineandhydrogenproducedbythedirectsynthesisofhydrogenchloridesynthesisfromacetyleneandhydrogenchloridebywaterinthecoarseconverterinthesynthesisofvinylchloridemonomer,vinylchloridesingleroughAfterthebodyhasbeenrefinedbythedistill
6、ationofvinylchloridemonomerandrefinedbythesuspensionpolymerizationofvinylchloridemonomertobePVC.Methodstodeterminetheproductionsectionofthesynthesisofvinylchloride,distillationsectiontothematerialbalance,heatbalancecalculationandselectionofequipment.Thisarticledesignsthecalci
7、umcarbideacetylenelawproducesthethickvinylchloridetobepossibletosatisfytherequestinthecraft.Keyword:PVCsynthesis;vinylchlorideselectiveevaporation;Materialbalance精心整理学习帮手word完美格式目录引言1第一章绪论31.1聚氯乙烯工业的发展概况31.1.1聚氯乙烯工业31.1.2国外聚氯乙烯工业的发展31.1.3中国的聚氯乙烯工业51.2聚氯乙烯工业在国民经济中的重要意义51.3聚氯乙烯
8、的分类61.4聚氯乙烯的性质61.4.1物理性质61.4.2化学性质61.5厂址的选择7第二章聚氯乙烯的生产过程92.1氯乙烯的生产方法