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1、-Unit1GenderandSocietyAnalyticallisteningListening1ALectureA
2、&B
3、OK,sotodaywe’regoingtocontinueonthetopicofhowchildrenaresocialized.We’llbelookingatgendersocialization—inotherwords,how,howchildrenlearntheirgenderroles.Genderissomethingthatwelearn—firstfromourparents,thenfromourpeers,fro
4、mschool,andfromtheculturewelivein.OK,let’sstartwithourparents.Generally,ourgenderrolesareprettycleartousbythetimewe’rearoundthreeyearsold.Sohowdowe,howdowelearntheserolessoquickly?Well,onewayissimplybywhatourparentssaytous.Parentsgivefemalechildrenalotofcomplimentsonhowtheylook—ontheir
5、appearance,right?Wesaythingslike,“Whataprettygirl!”or“That’sanicedressyou’rewearing.”Girlsmightgetcomplimentsonotherthings,too,butthey,theysoonlearnthatbeingfemininehassomethingtodowithbeingattractiveorpretty,right?Boys,incontrast,arecomplimentedonwhattheydo.Wesaythingslike,“Lookhowfas
6、tlittleTimmycanrun!Goodforyou,Timmy!”Soovertime,boyslearnthatbeing,being--masculinehassomethingtodowiththeirbehaviourandwithbeingactive.Ourpeers,whenwe’rechildren—girlsandboysaroundthesameageasweare—alsoteachusaboutgenderroles,andsometimesthey’renotveryniceaboutthiseither.Theymakefunof
7、childrenwhoaren’tfollowingtherules.Canyourememberkidsfromyourchildhoodwhodidn’tfollowthegenderrules?Schoolscontinue,schoolscontinuetheprocessofgendersocialization.Someschoolshaveseparateclassesforgirlsandboys,and,um,ofcourseschooluniformsaredifferent—pantsforboys,andskirtsordressesforg
8、irls.Finally,thecultureweliveinhasalottoteachusaboutgenderroles.C
9、Asyouknow,oneofthefirstquestionswhenababyisbornis,“Isitaboyoragirl?”Wethinkit’simportanttoknowthisbecausewhenchildrengrowup,theirroleintheworlddependsontheirgender—atleasttosomedegree.Butnowadays,genderrolesarechanging,a
10、ndbesides,therehavealwaysbeenafewpeoplewhoarenotaverage,whodonotfollowtheusualgenderpattern.OnepersonfromhistorywhodidnotfollowherusualgenderrolewasHatshepsut.Around150yearsbeforeTutankhamenruledancientEgyptaspharaoh,orking,--Hatshepsutruledfor21yearsasthefemalekingofEgypt.That’srigh
