高中英语unit1greatscientists课时作业新人教版必修5

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1、Unit1　Greatscientists【导语】　霍乱是霍乱弧菌(Vibriocholera)引起的急性肠道传染病，具有发病急、传播快、波及面广的特点，是当今三种国际检疫传染病中的一种。CholeraCholeraisawaterbornediseasethatisspreadthroughpollutedwaterandfood.ItisanillnesscausedbythebacteriumcalledVibriocholera.Itproducesanenterotoxin(肠毒素)thatcausespainle

2、ss，waterydiarrhea(腹泻)thatcanquicklyleadtoseveredehydration(脱水)anddeathiftreatmentisnotgiven.Mostpeopleinfectedwithcholeradonotbecomeill，althoughthebacteriumispresentintheirwastesfor7—14days.Whencholeradoeshappen，morethan90%ofcasesarenotsevereandaredifficulttotellfro

3、mothertypesofdiarrhea.Lessthan10%ofillpeopledevelopcholerawithsignsofmoderateorseveredehydration.Apersonmaygetcholerabydrinkingwateroreatingfoodpollutedwiththecholerabacterium.Thediseasecanspreadrapidlyinareaswithoutpropertreatmentofdrinkingwater.Thecholerabacterium

4、mayalsoliveintheenvironmentindirtyriversandcoastalwaters.Shellfisheatenrawcanbeasourceofcholera.Therefore，thediseaseisnotlikelytospreaddirectlyfromonepersontoanother.Choleracanbesimplyandsuccessfullytreatedbyimmediatereplacementofthefluidandsaltlostthroughdiarrhea.P

5、atientscanbetreatedbybeinggivenamixtureofsugarandsalttobemixedwithwateranddrunkinlargeamounts.Peoplewhodevelopseverediarrheaincountrieswherecholerabreaksoutshouldseekmedicalattentionatonce.Inaword，toavoidcholera，weshoulddevelopagoodhabit.Weshouldeatwellcookedfoodin

6、steadofrawfood.【词海拾贝】1．bacterium　n．细菌2．coastaladj.临海的；沿海的283．fluidn．液体　adj.液体的4．mixturen．混合；混杂5．seekvt.寻找，探寻；追求【问题思考】True(T)orFalse(F)：1．Drinkingmuchwaterwithsugarandsaltisuselessinthetreatmentofcholera.(F)2．Inordertoavoidcholera，we'dbettereatcookedshellfish.(T)Ⅰ.为单

7、词选择正确的释义1．suspect　　　　A．向……挑战2．challengeB．宣布；通告3．concludeC．责备；谴责4．blameD．认为；怀疑5．announceE．结束；推断出6．exposeF．暴露；揭露；使曝光7．contributeG．小心的；谨慎的8．cautiousH．捐献；贡献答案：1.D　2.A　3.E　4.C　5.B　6.F　7.H　8.GⅡ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1．________n．特征；特性2．________vt.打败；战胜；使受挫(n.)失败3．________n．治愈；痊愈(vt.

8、)治愈；治疗4．________vt.吸收；吸引；使专心5．________vt.预见；预知答案：1.characteristic　2.defeat　3.cure　4.absorb5．foreseeⅢ.根据英语释义写出单词1．________：tobepresentatane