税务英语文章阅读

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1、税务英语文章阅读——LaffercurveIneconomics,theLaffercurve(alsoKhaldun–Laffercurve)isarepresentationoftherelationshipbetweenpossibleratesoftaxationandtheresultinglevelsofgovernmentrevenue.Itillustratestheconceptoftaxableincomeelasticity—i.e., taxableincomewillchangeinresponsetochangesinth

2、erateoftaxation.Itpostulatesthatnotaxrevenuewillberaisedattheextremetaxratesof0%and100%andthattheremustbeatleastoneratewheretaxrevenuewouldbeanon-zeromaximum.TheLaffercurveistypicallyrepresentedasagraphwhichstartsat0%taxwithzerorevenue,risestoamaximumrateofrevenueatanintermedia

3、terateoftaxation,andthenfallsagaintozerorevenueata100%taxrate.Theactualexistenceandshapeofthecurveisuncertainanddisputed.OnepotentialresultoftheLaffercurveisthatincreasingtaxratesbeyondacertainpointwillbecounter-productiveforraisingfurthertaxrevenue.AhypotheticalLaffercurvefora

4、nygiveneconomycanonlybeestimatedandsuchestimatesarecontroversial.TheNewPalgraveDictionaryofEconomicsreportsthatestimatesofrevenue-maximizingtaxrateshavevariedwidely,withamid-rangeofaround70%.AlthougheconomistArthurLafferdoesnotclaimtohaveinventedtheLaffercurveconcept,itwaspopul

5、arizedwithpolicymakersfollowinganafternoonmeetingwithFordAdministrationofficialsDickCheneyandDonaldRumsfeldin1974inwhichhereportedlysketchedthecurveonanapkintoillustratehisargument.Theterm"Laffercurve"wascoinedbyJudeWanniski,whowasalsopresentatthemeeting.Thebasicconceptwasnotne

6、w;LafferhimselfnotesantecedentsinthewritingsofIbnKhaldunandJohnMaynardKeynes.Laffercurve:t*representstherateoftaxationatwhichmaximalrevenueisgenerated.ThisisthecurveasdrawnbyArthurLaffer,however,thecurveneednotbesinglepeakednorsymmetricalat50%. Lafferexplainsthemodelintermsoftw

7、ointeractingeffectsoftaxation:an"arithmeticeffect"andan"economiceffect".The"arithmeticeffect"assumesthattaxrevenueraisedisthetaxratemultipliedbytherevenueavailablefortaxation(ortaxbase).Ata0%taxrate,themodelassumesthatnotaxrevenueisraised.The"economiceffect"assumesthatthetaxrat

8、ewillhaveanimpactonthetaxbaseitself.Attheextremeofa100