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1、Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars李仕才【阅读理解插花】Themorehoursyoungchildrenspendinchildcare,themorelikelytheyaretoturnoutaggressiveanddisobedientbythetimetheyareinkindergarten,accordingtothelargeststudyofchildcareanddevelopmenteverconducted.Researcherssaidthiscorrelation(相关性)heldtrueregardlesso
2、fwhetherthechildrencamefromrichorpoorhomes,werelookedafterbyarelativeoratacenter,andwhethertheyweregirlsorboys.Whatisuncertain,however,iswhetherthechildcareactuallycausestheproblemorwhetherchildrenlikelytoturnoutaggressivehappentobethosewhospendmorehoursinchildcare.Italsoremainsunclearwhet
3、herreducingtheamountoftimeinchildcarewillreducetheriskthatachildwillturnintoameanperson.What’smore,qualitychildcareisassociatedwithincreasedskillsinintellectualabilitysuchaslanguageandmemory,leadingsomeacademicstosuggestthatchildcareturnsoutchildrenwhoare“smartandnaughty”.Thegovernment-spo
4、nsoredresearch,whichhastrackedmorethan1,300childrenat10sitesacrossthecountrysince1991,isboundtocausethedebateoverchildcareagain:Howshouldpeoplebalanceworkandfamily?Andhowshouldparents,especiallymothers,resolvethedemandsthatareplacedonthemtobebothbreadwinnersandsupermoms?Thatdebatewasalread
5、yondisplayatanewbriefingyesterday,whereresearchersthemselveshaddifferentopinionsaboutthedataanditsimplications(含义).“Thereisaconstantrelationshipbetweentimeinchildcareandproblembehavior,especiallythoseinvolvingaggression,”saidJayBelskyofBirkbeckCollegeinLondon,oneoftheleadinvestigatorsofthe
6、studywhohaspreviouslyannoyedwomen’sgroupsbecauseofhiscriticismsofchildcare.“Onbehalfoffathersormothers?”interruptedSarahFriedman,adevelopmentalpsychologistattheNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD)andoneoftheotherleadscientistsonthestudy.“Onbehalfofparentsandfamilies,”re
7、spondedBelsky.“NICHDisnotwillingtogetintopolicyrecommendations,”saidFriedman,contradictinghercolleague.“Thereareotherpossibilitiesthatcanbeentertained.Yesitisaquicksolution—morehoursinchildcareisassociatedwithmoreproblems.Theeasysolutionistocutthenumberofhours
