2019高考英语一轮达标unit1friendship练题含解析新人教版必修

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1、Unit1Friendship李仕才一、阅读理解。Spider(蜘蛛)webshavesomethingincommonwithguitarstrings.Thelong,thinstringsonaguitarcanvibrate(振动).Theymovebackandforth,orfromsidetoside.Sodowebsmadebyspiders.Thelinesofsilktheyproducecancarryvibrations.Thismovementgivesthesmallcreatureinformationaboutwhat

2、landedontheweb.Spidershaveeightlegsandusuallyeighteyes.Theanimalsbuildwebswiththeirownsoft,naturallymadesilk.Andmuchlikeplayingthestringsofaguitar,aspidercansendoutvibrationsacrossitswebovermanydifferentfrequencies(频率).Spiderscatchtheirfood,usuallyinsectsintheirwebs.Theymakesma

3、llmovements,whichspreadacrosstheirwebs.Thevibrationscangivethespiderdetailsaboutwhatiscaughtintheweb—maybeapossiblemate，orsomethingtastytoeat.Vibrationsarenotjustusedtospotwhatisfordinner.Theyarealsoimportantincourtship(求爱),solotsofmaleswillactuallycreateaveryspecifickindofmusi

4、calpatternwhichthefemalescanusetodeterminenotonlythatthey’reamale,butthey’retherightspecies,andwhethertheymightwanttomatewiththemaswell.Spidersmaketheirownvibrationstofindouttheconditionofthewebs.Bycontrollingthetightnessofthematerial,theycaneffectivelycontrolhowinformationisge

5、ttingtothemwhentheyhangoutinthemiddleoftheweb.Spidershaveaspecialabilitytoshapethephysicalnatureoftheirselfmadematerialsandcreations.Scientiststhinkthatspidersilkmayhavechangedovertimeforthispurpose.【解题导语】　本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动让它们知道蜘蛛网上落下了什么东西并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。1．Howdoesasp

6、iderfeelthataninsectiscaughtintheweb?A．Throughitssenseofsight.B．Throughvibrationsofitsweb.C．Throughdifferentfrequencies.D．Throughamusicalpattern.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thevibrationscangivethespiderdetailsaboutwhatiscaughtintheweb”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落到蛛网上了。故选B项。2．Whatdoestheunderline

7、dword“They”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Insects.B．Strings.C．Spiders.D．Vibrations.A　解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的“Spiderscatchtheirfood...acrosstheirwebs.”可知，蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫。它们制造出传遍整张蛛网的小振动。所以They指代的是昆虫。3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Silkproducesvibrationsasthestringsofaguitar

8、do.B．Femalespidersmakespecialsoundstoattractapartner.C