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1、摘要换热器是化工生产过程中的重要设备，它能够实现介质之间热量交换。广泛应用于石油、化工、制药、食品、轻工、机械等领域。U型管式换热器是换热器的一种，它只有一个管板，结构简单，密封面少，且U形换热管可自由伸缩，不会产生温差应力，因此可用于高温高压的场合。一般高压、高温、有腐蚀介质走管程，这样可以减少高压空间，并能减少热量损失，节约材料，降低成本。甲烷化换热器，是合成氨生产中的重要设备之一,它能将27℃的H2N2混合气升温至274℃，同时将339℃的H2N2精制气降温至90℃。甲烷化换热器一般选用U型
2、管换热器，它由一台Ⅰ型甲烷化换热器与一台Ⅱ型甲烷化换热器连接组成。其中Ⅰ型甲烷化换热器将27℃的H2N2混合气升温至150℃，同时将215℃的H2N2精制气降温至90℃；Ⅱ型甲烷化换热器能将150℃的H2N2混合气升温至274℃，同时将339℃的H2N2精制气降温至215℃。本次设计主要根据GB150《钢制压力容器》及GB151《管壳式换热器》对设备的主要受压元件进行了设计及强度计算，又结合HG/T20615《钢制管法兰》、JB/T4712《容器支座》等其它压力容器相关标准，对其它各部件进行设计，
3、最终完成了Ⅱ型甲烷化换热器的设计。关键词：换热器；甲烷化换热器AbstractHeatexchangerisimportantintheprocessofchemicalproductionequipment,whichcanbeachievedbetweentheheatexchangemedia.Widelyusedinpetroleum,chemical,pharmaceutical,food,lightindustry,machineryandotherfields.U-tubeheate
4、xchangerisaheatexchanger,ithasonlyonetubeplate,simplestructure,lesssealingsurface,andtheU-shapedtubesarefreetostretch,nothermalstress,itcanbeusedforhightemperatureandpressureoftheoccasion.Generalhigh-pressure,hightemperature,corrosivemedia,takecontrol
5、process,thusreducingthepressureofspace,andcanreduceheatlossandsavingmaterialsandreducecosts.Methanationheatexchanger,ammoniaproductionisoneoftheimportantequipment,itwillbe27℃ofH2N2mixtureheatedto274℃,339℃whiletheH2N2refinedgascooledto90℃.Methanationhe
6、atexchangerisgenerallyusedinU-tubeheatexchanger,whichconsistsofTypeⅠandtypeⅡmethanationmethanationHeatexchangerconnectedtoformamethanationtype.HeatexchangertypeⅠmethanationofH2N2to27℃heatingthemixtureto150℃,215℃whiletheH2N2refinedgascooledto90℃;Ⅱ-type
7、heatexchangercanmethanation150℃,heatingthemixturetotheH2N2274℃,339℃whiletheH2N2refinedgascooledto215℃.ThisdesignmainlybasedonGB150"steelpressurevessels"andGB151"shellandtubeheatexchangers,"themainpressurepartsoftheequipmentwasdesignedandstrengthcalcul
8、ation,butalsowithHG/T20615"steelpipeflange",JB/T4712"containersbearing"pressurevesselsandotherrelevantstandards,thedesignofothercomponents,hefinallycompletedthemethanationⅡtypeheatexchangerdesign.Keywords:Heatexchanger;Methanationheatexchanger
