综合英语二上册语法文档

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1、一.语法Subject-VerbAgreomont（I）1•主谓i致的三条原则1）语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。Humanbeingsenjoylearning.Everybody，sunderstandingisincomplete.2）意义一致，即根据意义来处理一致关系。Thepeopletherearefightingfortheindependenceoftheircountry.Thedollarswasalotofmoneyatthattime.3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。Thereisapen,twopencils

2、andaneraserinthepencilbox.Neithertheboynorhisteachersknowtheanswer・2.集体名词作主语时与动词的一致1）当主语为furniture,equipment,machiner-y等词时，谓语动词通常用单数。Thefurnitureinthatshopisa.11madeinChina.Officeequipmentisveryexpensivenowadays.Alotofnewmachineryhasbeeninstalled.2）集体名词如people,cattle,police,poultry,等往

3、往作复数用。Somepeopledrivemadlyinthiscountry.Manycattlehavediedbecauseofthefold・Thepolicehavebeensenttherebuttheyhavenotmadeanyarrestsyet.Poultryareplentifulinthatmountainregion・3）family,government,class,committee,audience,team,public等词被视做一个整体时，英后的动词作单数；被视做为构成整体的个体时，其后的动词则为复数。Hisfami1yisah

4、appyone.Hisfamilyareallinterestedinstamp-collecting.TheDemocraticGovernmentisinpowernow.Thegoverninentis/areconsideringfurthertaxcuts・Theaudieneewasveryquitewhenhewasgivinghisspeech・Theaudiencewereshoutingandlaughingwhenhecameintothehall.Ourclassisthetopclassinthegrade.Theclassarebusy

5、takingnotes・2.并列主语与动词的一致1）当“名词+名词”表示一种事物时，用单数动词。BaconandeggsisaverypopularBritishbreakfast・Toastandmarmalade（果需面包）ismyfavoritebreakfast.Fishandchips（炸鱼与土豆片）isservedeveryday.2）当主语是由and,both…。and连接的并列结构时，如果主语所指的不是一种事物，动词则用复数形式。JackandMaryareinlovewitheachother.BothTomandJohnareabsenttod

6、ay.War.famineanddroughthaveclaimedthousandsoflivesinthatcountry.3）在又or或nor连接的并列结构屮，动词单、复数形式一般与or或nor后边的名词或代词保持一致。Heorhisbrothersaretoblameforthis.Eitheryouoryourfriendhastopaythebill.Eitherhisfatherorhismothercomestoseehimeveryday.Whencouplesquarrel,（either）thewifeorthehu*************

7、*****andhastogivein.Neithershenoryouaremistaken.Neitherthemanagernortheclerksarecollegegraduates.4)notonly…butalso连接的结构做主语时，动词的单、复数形式依据butalso后的名词或代词。NotonlyFredbutalsohisparentslovethissmallpetdog・Notonlytheboysbuta.1sotheirmotherisveryel1-LESSON2Subject-VerbAgreement(II)1.带确定数量词的名词词

8、组做主语吋