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1、《地质实用英语复习要点》Lesson1Text1、Petroleum(rock-oilfromtheLatinPetra,rockorstone,andoleum,oil)occurswidelyintheearthasgas,liquid,semisolid,orsolid,orinthemorethanoneofthesestatesatasingleplace.石油(英语Petroleum一词，源于拉丁语petra和oleum,前者意为“岩石”或“石头”，后者意为“油”)以气态、液态、半固态、固态、或在某一个地方以一种以上形态广泛存在于地球
2、中oChemicallyanypetroleumisanextremelycomplexmixtureofhydrocarbon(hydrogenandcarbon)compounds,withminoramountsofnitrogen,oxygenandsulfurasimpurities.从化学上讲，任何石油都是由桂(碳和氧)化合物组成的极其复杂的混合物，并含有少量作为杂质的氮、氧、硫丄iquidpetroleum,whichiscalledcrudeoiltodistinguishitfromrefinedoil,isthemostimp
3、ortantcommercially•液态的右》由，为区别于炼制油，称为原油，在商业上是最重要的。2、(1)Theoiloriginatesinasourcebed,andamarineshale,onceablackmudrichinorganiccompounds,isthoughttobeacommonsourcerock；石油来源于桂源层，海相页岩(曾是一种富含有机化合物的黑色淤泥)被认为是一种常见的炷源岩；(2)Theoilthenmigratestoapermeablereservoirrock,andtodothisitmaytra
4、velforlongdistancesbothverticallyandhorizontally.然后石油运移到可渗透的储集岩中，为此，它可能沿垂直和水平两个方向做长距离运移。NewwordsPetroleum石油，原油hydrosphere水界，水圈lithosphere岩石圈geomorphology地貌学，地形学stratigraphy地层学，区域地层hydrocarbon桂，碳氧化合物bitumen沥青methane甲烷sourcebed坯源层，生油层sourcerock桂源岩，油源岩reservoirrock储集岩trap圈闭，储油构造
5、Lesson21、Fromtheearliesttimesrecordedbyman,petroleumisfrequentlymentionedashavingimportantpartinthereligion,themedical,andeventheeconomiclifeofmanyregions.Notuntilafterthemiddleofnineteenthcentury,however,whenitwasfirstdiscoveredinlargequantitiesunderground,diditspotentialcom
6、mercialimportancebecomeapparent•在人类最早的记载中，石油就因其在宗教、医药，甚至在许多地区的经济生活中起着重要作用而经常被述及。然而，直到19世纪中叶首次从地下发现大量行油后，右油的潜在商业价值才显现出来。2、Theactualdiscoveryofapoolismadebythedrill,buttheproperlocationofthewildcatwelltotestatrap,thedepthtowhichitshouldbedrilled,andthedetectionandoutliningofthe
7、oilorgaspoolfromwhatisrevealedbythewellandothers,andwhollygeologicproblems•油藏实际上是通过钻井发现的，但探测圈闭的初探井的正确井位、应钻深度或其它井所揭示的情况对油藏或气藏进行探测和描述，这些全属地质问题。Theyconstitutetheessenceofthegeologyofpetroleumandarethemostimportantworkofstratigraphyandstructuralgeology,orhemayhavetotakeaccountofa
8、complexcombinationofdata,involvingsuchvariousfieldsisstratigraphy,se
