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1、MaterialsandDesign25(2004)51–67Selectionstrategiesformaterialsandprocessesab´,acM.F.Ashby,Y.J.M.Brechet*,D.Cebon,L.SalvoaEngineeringDepartment,UniversityofCambridge,TrumpingtonStreet,CambridgeCB21PZ,UKbL.T.P.C.M.,DomaineUniversitairedeGrenoble,BP75,11
2、30,ruedelaPiscine,SaintMartind’HeresCedex38402,FrancecG.P.M.2.,DomaineUniversitairedeGrenoble,BP75,SaintMartind’HeresCedex,FranceReceived18February2003;accepted21July2003AbstractEngineeringdesigndrawsontensofthousandsofmaterialsandonmanyhundredsofproc
3、essestoshape,joinandfinishthem.Oneaspectofoptimizeddesignofaproductorsystemisthatofselecting,fromthisvastmenu,thematerialsandprocessesthatbestmeettheneedsofthedesign,maximizingitsperformanceandminimizingitscost.Theproblem,stillincompletelysolved,istha
4、tofmatchingmaterialandprocessattributestodesignrequirements.Someoftheseattributescanbeexpressedasnumbers,likedensityorthermalconductivity;someareBoolean,suchastheabilitytoberecycled;some,likeresistancetocorrosion,canbeexpressedonlyasaranking(poor,adeq
5、uate,good,forinstance);andsomecanonlybecapturedintextandimages.Achievingthematchwithdesignrequirementsinvolvesfourbasicsteps.(1)Amethodfortranslatingdesignrequirementsintoaspecificationformaterialandprocess.(2)Aprocedureforscreeningoutthosethatcannotm
6、eetthespecification,leavingasubsetoftheoriginalmenu.(3)Aschemeforrankingthesurvivingmaterialsandprocess,identifyingthosethathavethegreatestpotential.(4)Awayofsearchingforsupportinginformationaboutthetop-rankedcandidates,givingasmuchbackgroundinformati
7、onabouttheirstrengths,weaknesses,historyofuseandfuturepotentialaspossible.Inthispaperwereviewthestrategiesthathaveevolvedtodealwiththisproblem,theprogressthathasbeenmadeandthechallengesthatremain.2003ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Selectionst
8、rategies;Engineeringdesign;Materialsandprocessselectionsoftwares;Expertisemanagement1.IntroductionbothinthedevelopmentofstructureddatabasesformaterialsandprocessesandintheimprovementofLifeisfullofdifficultdecisionsandnoneisfullersystematicmeth
