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1、高考英语阅读理解专练（主旨大意题）（一） Ourbrainsworkincomplexandstrangeways.Therearesomepeoplewhocancalculatethedayoftheweekforanygivendatein40,000years,butwhocannotaddtwoplustwo.Otherscanperformcomplexclassicalpianopiecesafterhearingthemonce,buttheycannotreadorwrite. Dr.J.LangdonDownfirstdescribedthisconditioni
2、n1887.Hecalledthesepeopleidiotsavants.Anidiotsavantisapersonwhohassignificantmentalinjury,suchasinautism(自闭症)orretardation.Atthesametime,thepersonalsoexhibitssomeextraordinaryskills,whichareunusualformostpeople.Theskillsofthesavantmayvaryfrombeingexceptionallygiftedinmusicorinmathematics,orhavingap
3、hotographicmemory.Oneofthefirstdescriptionsofahumanwhocouldcalculatequicklywaswrittenin1789byDr.BenjaminRush,anAmericandoctor.Hispatient,ThomasFuller,wasbroughttoVirginiaasaslavein1724.IttookThomasonly90secondstoworkoutthatamanwhohaslived70years,17days,and12hourshaslived2,210,500,800seconds.Despite
4、thisability,hediedin1790withouteverlearningtoreadorwrite. Anotheridiotsavantslavebecamefamousasapianistinthe1860s.BlindTomhadavocabularyofonly100words,butheplayed5,000musicalpiecesbeautifully. IntheexcellentmovieRainMan,madein1988andavailableonvideocassette,DustinHoffmanplaysanidiotsavantwhoama
5、zeshisbrotherplayedbyTomCruise,withhisabilitytoperformcomplexcalculationsveryrapidly. Todaywemoreclearlyrecognizethattheidiotsavantisspecialbecauseofbrainimpairment.Yetnotallbraininjuryleadstosavantskills.Somestudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohavepurposefulinterruptionoftheleftsideofthebraincandevelop
6、idiotsavantskills.Howeverfewpeoplewishtoparticipateinsuchexperiments.Therearemanyexcellentreasonsfornotundergoingunnecessaryexperimentationonone’sbrain.Thetermidiotsavantisoutdatedandinappropriate.Virtuallyallsavantshaveahighdegreeofintelligenceandarethusnotidiots.（1）Thefirstparagraphispresentedby_
7、_______.A. statingthebackgroundofthetext B. makingadefinitionof“idiotsavant”C. givingexamplestoleadinthetopic D. makingcomparisontoshowourbrainswork（2）Accordingtothetext,
