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1、第*期吕生华,等:改聚丙烯/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备、结构及性能·7·聚丙烯/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备、结构及性能吕生华1,2,胡浩岩1,2,孙立1,2,雷颖1,2,刘锦茹1,2(1.陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021;2.轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心陕西科技大学,陕西西安710021)摘要:以石墨、浓硫酸、高锰酸钾和双氧水等为原料,通过Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)分散液,对其冷冻干燥得到了GO粉体,将GO粉体与熔融聚丙烯(PP)树脂共混制备了PP/GO复合材料,采用FTI
2、R、AFM、TEM、XRD、DSC及导热仪和氧指数测定仪等对GO及PP/GO复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,GO能够以双片层均匀地分散在PP基体中,GO/PP复合材料具有致密均匀的微观结构,其力学性能、耐热、阻燃和热传导等性能比对照样品(单纯PP树脂)有显著的提高。当GO掺量为0.4%时,PP/GO复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度比对照样分别提高了29.6%、33.6%和62.7%,熔点从154.5℃提高为174.2℃,热导率提升了205.3%,极限氧指数从18.0%提高到了27.6%。因
3、此,GO的掺入提高了PP的性能和扩大了其应用领域。关键词:氧化石墨烯;聚丙烯;复合材料;力学性能;耐热性能中图分类号:TQ325.1+4文献标识码:A文章编号:Preparation,StructureandPerformancesofPolypropylene/GrapheneOxideCompositesLVSheng-hua1,2,HUHao-yan1,2,SUNLi1,2,LEIYing1,2,LIUJin-ru1,2(1.CollegeofBioresourcesChemicalandMater
4、ialsEngineering,ShaanxiUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Xi'an710021,Shaanxi,China;2.NationalDemonstrationCenterforExperimentalLightChemistryEngineeringEducation,ShaanxiUniversityofScience&Technology,Xi'an710021,Shaanxi,China)Abstract:Graphiteoxide(GO)disp
5、ersionliquidwaspreparedwithgraphite,concentratedsulfuricacid,potassiumpermanganateandhydrogenperoxideasmainrawmaterialsandbyHummersmethod.ThenGOpowderwasobtainedbyfreezedryingofGOdispersionliquid.Thepolypropylene(PP)/GOcompositeswerepreparedbymixingofmelt
6、PPandGOpowder.ThemicrostructureandperformancesofGOandPP/GOcompositeswerecharacterizedusingvarioustestingmethodssuchasFTIR,AFM,TEM,XRD,DSCandconductometeraswellasoxygenindexdeterminator.TheresultsindicatedthattheGOcanuniformlydistributeinthePPmatrixwithdou
7、blelayersresultinformingcompactandevenmicrostructureinPP/GOcomposites.Themechanicalproperties,heat-resistantproperty,flameresistanceandthermalconductiveofPP/GOcompositeshaveasignificantimprovingcomparedwiththecontrolsample(purePPresin).WhenGOdosageis0.4%b
8、yPPmass,thetensilestrength,flexuralstrengthandimpactstrengthoftheGO/PPcompositeshaveanincreaserateof29.6%,33.6%and62.7%comparedwiththecontrolsample,respectively.第*期吕生华,等:改聚丙烯/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备、结构及性能·7·Meanwhile,itsmeltin