Springer.Conclusion.Appendics.References.Index

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1、CONCLUSIONSAsshouldbynowbeclear,theD.S.M.isaclassificationsystemofimmensepracticalimportance.AssuchitisimportantthattheD.S.M.shouldbethebestclassificationofmentaldisorderspossible.ThroughexaminingthefundamentalassumptionsonwhichtheD.S.M.isbased,thisbookaimstocontributetoassessingwhethertheD.S.M.

2、isasatisfactoryclassificationsystem.ThefirsthalfofthebookexaminedthemetaphysicalassumptionsbehindtheD.S.M.InthefirstchapterIassessedtheaccountofdiseaseonwhichtheD.S.M.isbased.TheD.S.M.committeeemployedanaccountofdiseaseaccordingtowhichadiseaseisaharmfuldysfunction.Iarguedthatthisaccountofdisease

3、isunsatisfactory.Instead,diseasesareconditionsthatarebadthingstohave,thataresuchthatthesuffererisunlucky,andthatcanpotentiallybemedicallytreated.ThisaccountofdiseaseisquitedifferentfromtheD.S.M.account.However,theD.S.M.accountcouldnothavebeenusedinpractice.Thisisbecauseingeneralwedonotknowenough

4、aboutevolutionarybiologytoknowwhetherornotaconditionisadysfunction.Isuggestthatinpracticethecommitteeassumedthataconditionisadysfunctionifitseemedthatsufferersareunluckyandiftheconditionseemedtohaveabiologicalorpsychologicalbasis.Theseconditionsaresoclosetomyconditions,thatthosewithadiseaseareun

5、luckyandthatdiseasesareatleastpotentiallymedicallytreatable,thatIsuggestthatlittleharmhasbeendonetotheD.S.M.throughthecommitteeexplicitlyadoptinganincorrectaccountofdisease.TheD.S.M.projecthasassumedthatempiricalresearchcantellushowmentaldisordersoughttobeclassified,andthatthedistinctionsbetween

6、mentaldisordersthusdiscoveredwillbetheoreticallyimportant.InotherwordstheD.S.M.assumesthattypesofmentaldiseasearenaturalkinds.InthesecondchapterIrefutedvariousargumentsthathavebeensupposedtoshowthatmentaldisorderscannotbenaturalkindsandIdevelopedagenerallyapplicableaccountofnaturalkinds.Accordin

7、gtothisaccountitisplausibletothinkthatsometypesofmentaldisorderwillbenaturalkinds,whileothertypeswillnotbenaturalkinds.IfIamright,andatleastsomementaldisordersarenaturalkinds,thisisanimportantconclusion.Naturalkindsandnatura