On the sense of oneliness-Melanie Klein.pdf

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1、ONTHESENSEOFLONELINESSIfthegoodinternalobjectisestablishedwithrelativesecurity,itbecomesthecoreofthedevelopingego.Asatisfactoryearlyrelationtothemother(notnecessarilybasedonbreastfeedingsincethebottlecanalsosymbolicallystandforthebreast)impliesaclosecontactbetweentheunconsciousofthemothe

2、r16andofthechild.ThisisthefoundationforthemostcompleteexperienceofbeingunderstoodandisessentiallylinkedwiththeONTHESENSEOFLONELINESSpreverbalstage.Howevergratityingitisinlaterlifetoexpressthoughtsandfeelingstoacongenialperson,thereremainsan(1963)unsatisfiedlongingforanunderstandingwithou

3、twords-ultimatelyfortheearliestrelationwiththemother.ThislongingcontributesINthepresentpaperanattemptwillbemadetoinvestigatethetothesenseoflonelinessandderivesfromthedepressivefeelingofansourceofthesenseofloneliness.BythesenseoflonelinessIamreirretrievableloss.ferringnottotheobjectivesit

4、uationofbeingdeprivedofexternalEvenatbest,however,thehappyrelationwiththemotherandcompanionship.Iamreferringtotheinnersenseofloneliness-theherbreastisneverundisturbed,sincepersecutoryanxietyisboundsenseofbeingaloneregardlessofexternalcircumstances,offeelingtoarise.Persecutoryanxietyisati

5、tsheightduringthefirstthreelonely~venwhenamongfriendsorreceivinglove.Thisstateofmonthsoflife-theperiodoftheparanoid-schizoidposition;itinternalloneliness,Iwillsuggest,istheresultofaubiquitousemergesfromthebeginningoflifeastheresultoftheconflictbetweenyearningforanunattainableper§£0nterna

6、lstate.Suchloneliness,thelifeanddeathinstinctsandtheexperienceofbirthcontributeswliiCll"1S""aperienceotosomeextentbyeveryone,springsfromtoit.Wheneverdestructiveimpulsesarisestrongly,themotherandparanoidanddepressiveanxietieswhicharederivativesoftheherbreast,owingtoprojection,arefelttobep

7、ersecutory,andthereinfant'spsychoticanxieties.Theseanxietiesexistinsomemeasureforetheinfantinevitablyexperiencessomeinsecurity.Thisparanoidineveryindividualbutareexcessivelystronginillness;thereforeinsecurityisoneoftherootsofloneliness.lonelinessisalsopartofillness,bothof