华北平原主要粮食作物蒸散量和水足迹估算研究

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1、万方数据Abs仃actTheNorthChinaPlain(NCP)isavitalgranaryofChina,withanareaof140000km2ofarablelandwhichproducesabout20％ofthenation’sgrain．AslocalprecipitationisnotenoughtomeetcropwaterrequirementsintheNCP,irrigationiswidelyusedtoincreaseyieldsandtoguranteefoodsupply．Agriculturewateraccountsforabou

2、t70％oftotalwaterconsumptionintheNCP,over75％ofwhichisfromgroundwater．Groundwaterresourcehassteadilybeendepletedduetopersistentover-pumping，posingtremendouschallengesforsustainability．Meanwhile，excessiveuseofgroundwaterhasresultedinseriousenvironmentalproblemsintheregion．Thus，inordertoachiev

3、esustainableagriculturalwatermanagementintheNCP,itisextremelyimportanttOexplicitlyestimatecropevapotranspirationinrecentdecades．Inthispaper，amodelbasedoncropcoefficientandvegetationremotesensingdatawasdevelopedtOestimatecropevapotranspirationintheNCEThemodelnotonlyestimatedcropevapotranspi

4、ration，butalsoreflectedthespatialdistributionofcropsandsoilmoistureintheregion．Withthemodel，winterwheatandsummermaizeevapotranspirationwasestimatedfor2000——2013intheNCETheresultsofthemodelwereconsistentwiththoseofETWatch(2000-2009)andautualevapotranspiration(2008-2013)whichwasmeasuredbased

5、onEddycovariancemethodatLuanchengstation．Theresultswereasfollows：1)WinterwheatevapotranspirationwashigherinthesouthernthaninthenorthemregionoftheNCEWinterwheatevapotranspirationwasinexcessof400I／IlTIinthepiedmontregionofTaihangMountainsandintheirrigationregionofHcnan-ShandongYellowRiverWhi

6、leslimmermaizeevapotranspirationwasinexcessof300mmintheseregions．Winterwheatevapotranspirationwaslessthan350nllninthemiddleplainsandevenlessthan200nllTlincoastalareas．Whilesummermaizeevapotranspirationwasmorethan250nlrninthenorthofHebeiPlainand1esst11an150mmincoastalareas．2)Irrigationwater

7、consumptionforwinterwheatwashigherinthesouthernthaninthenorthemregionoftheNCRIrrigationwasinexcessof2501TIITIinthepiedmontregionofTaihangMountainsandintheirrigationregionof万方数据Henan-ShandongYellowRiverwhileitwaslessthan100mminnorthemHebeiPlain．Watersurplusofsu