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1、oxfordworld’sclassicsPHAEDRUSPlato(c.427–347bce),Athenianphilosopher-dramatist,hashadapro-foundandlastinginfluenceuponWesternintellectualtradition.Bornintoawealthyandprominentfamily,hegrewupduringtheconflictbetweenAthensandthePeloponnesianstateswhichengulfedtheGreekworldfrom4
2、31to404bce.Followingitsturbulentaftermath,hewasdeeplyaffectedbythecondemnationandexecutionofhisreveredmasterSocrates(469–399)onchargesofirreligionandcorruptingtheyoung.Inrevulsionfrompoliticalactivity,PlatodevotedhislifetothepursuitofphilosophyandtocomposingmemoirsofSocratic
3、enquirycastindia-logueform.HewasstronglyinfluencedbythePythagoreanthinkersofsouthernItalyandSicily,whichheissaidtohavevisitedwhenhewasabout40.SometimeafterreturningtoAthens,hefoundedtheAcademy,anearlyancestorofthemodernuniversity,devotedtophilosophicalandmathematicalenquiry,
4、andtotheeducationoffuturerulersor‘philosopher-kings’.TheAcademy’smostcelebratedmemberwastheyoungAristotle(384–322),whostudiedthereforthelasttwentyyearsofPlato’slife.Theirworksmarkthehighestpeakofphilosophicalachievementinantiquity,andbothcontinuetorankamongthegreatestphilos
5、ophersofalltime.PlatoistheearliestWesternphilosopherfromwhoseoutputcompleteworkshavebeenpreserved.Atleasttwenty-fiveofhisdialoguesareextant,rangingfromfewerthantwentytomorethanthreehundredpagesinlength.Fortheircombinationofdramaticrealism,poeticbeauty,intellectualvitality,an
6、demotionalpowertheyareuniqueinWesternliterature.RobinWaterfieldhasbeenauniversitylecturer(atNewcastleuponTyneandStAndrews),andaneditorandpublisher.Currently,however,heisaself-employedwriter,whosebooksrangefromphilosophytochildren’sfiction.Hehaspreviouslytranslated,forOxfordW
7、orld’sClas-sics,Plato’sRepublic,Symposium,andGorgias,Aristotle’sPhysics,Hero-dotus’Histories,Plutarch’sGreekLivesandRomanLives,Euripides’OrestesandOtherPlays,andTheFirstPhilosophers:ThePresocraticsandtheSophists.oxfordworld’sclassicsForover100yearsOxfordWorld’sClassicshaveb
8、roughtreadersclosertotheworld’sgreatliterature.Nowwithover700titles––fromthe4,000-
