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1、OntheOriginofSpeciesByCharlesDarwin'Butwithregardtothematerialworld,wecanatleastgosofarasthis--wecanperceivethateventsarebroughtaboutnotbyinsulatedinterpositionsofDivinepower,exertedineachparticularcase,butbytheestablishmentofgenerallaws.'W.Whewell:Bri
2、dgewaterTreatise.'Toconclude,therefore,letnomanoutofaweakconceitofsobriety,oranill-appliedmoderation,thinkormaintain,thatamancansearchtoofarorbetoowellstudiedinthebookofGod'sword,orinthebookofGod'sworks;divinityorphilosophy;butratherletmenendeavouranen
3、dlessprogressorproficienceinboth.'Bacon:AdvancementofLearning.Down,Bromley,Kent,October1st,1859.OntheOriginofSpeciesbyMeansofNaturalSelection,orthePreservationofFavouredRacesintheStruggleforLife.ByCharlesDarwinContentsIntroductionChapterIVariationunder
4、DomesticationCausesofVariability--EffectsofHabit--CorrelationofGrowth--Inheritance--CharacterofDomesticVarieties--DifficultyofdistinguishingbetweenVarietiesandSpecies--OriginofDomesticVarietiesfromoneormoreSpecies--DomesticPigeons,theirDifferencesandOr
5、igin--PrincipleofSelectionancientlyfollowed,itsEffects--MethodicalandUnconsciousSelection--UnknownOriginofourDomesticProductions--CircumstancesfavourabletoMan'spowerofSelection.ChapterIIVariationunderNatureVariability--IndividualDifferences--Doubtfulsp
6、ecies--Wideranging,muchdiffused,andcommonspeciesvarymost--Speciesofthelargergenerainanycountryvarymorethanthespeciesofthesmallergenera--Manyofthespeciesofthelargergeneraresemblevarietiesinbeingveryclosely,butunequally,relatedtoeachother,andinhavingrest
7、rictedranges.ChapterIIIStruggleforExistenceBearsonnaturalselection--Thetermusedinawidesense--Geometricalpowersofincrease--Rapidincreaseofnaturalisedanimalsandplants--Natureofthecheckstoincrease--Competitionuniversal--Effectsofclimate--Protectionfromthe
8、numberofindividuals--Complexrelationsofallanimalsandplantsthroughoutnature--Struggleforlifemostseverebetweenindividualsandvarietiesofthesamespecies;oftenseverebetweenspeciesofthesamegenus--Therelationoforganismtoorganismthemostimportant
