The Diffraction theory of aberrations.pdf

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1、HomeSearchCollectionsJournalsAboutContactusMyIOPscienceThediffractiontheoryofaberrationsThisarticlehasbeendownloadedfromIOPscience.Pleasescrolldowntoseethefulltextarticle.1951Rep.Prog.Phys.1495(http://iopscience.iop.org/0034-4885/14/1/304)Viewthetableofcontentsforthisissue,orgotothejournalhomepagef

2、ormoreDownloaddetails:IPAddress:159.226.130.90Thearticlewasdownloadedon21/09/2012at08:25Pleasenotethattermsandconditionsapply.95THEDIFFRACTIONTHEORYOFABERRATIONSBYE.WOLF*TheObservatory,CambridgeUniversityCONTENTSp1.Introduction................................................95§2.Geometricaltreatmen

3、tofaberrations............................96§3.Thediffractiontheoryofaberrations....................973.1.Ahistoricalreview.............................973.2.Advancessince1940....................................1013.21.Imagesinthepresenceofsmallaberrations...........1013.22.Tolerance-conditions....

4、..........................1063.23.Asymptoticbehaviourofthediffractionintegral...1083.24.Imagesformedbywavesofnon-uniformamplitude1093.25.Otherresearches.................................112Acknowledgments............................................119................................119ABSTRACT.Ahist

5、oricalandcriticalsurveyisgivenofinvestigationsconcernedwithimageformationinopticalinstrumentsinthepresenceofaberrations.ThedevelopmentofthesubjectistracedfromtheearlyresearchesofAiryonanaberration-freeimage.Theadvancesmadeinrecentyearsarediscussedingreaterdetail;thesemainlyconcerntheeffectsofsmalla

6、berrations,tolerancecriteria,andtheasymptotictreatmentofdiffractionproblems.Asectionisalsoincludedoninvestigationsintotheeffectsofwavesofnon-uniformamplitude.Thedetailedlightdistributionintypicalimagesisillustratedbyisophote-diagramsandphotographs.51.INTRODUCTIONNaperfectopticalsystemthelightwavesw

7、hichproceedfromeachelementIoftheobjectemergeintheimagespaceasconvergentwavessphericalinform.Suchaninstrumentrepresentsanidealizationwhichcannotberealizedinpractice;intheimagespaceofanactualinstrument,thewav